• Parent’s Perceptions of Online Learning during COVID-19 Pandemic: The Road Ahead 

      Shal, Tarek ( Online Learning Consortium (OLC) , 2024 , Article)
      This study explored parents’ perceptions pertaining to online learning in the state of Qatar during COVID-19 pandemic. Six hundred and eighty-eight parents were surveyed, and data was analyzed statistically using SPSS 28.0. ...
    • The Rise and Fall of Teacher Leadership: A Post-Pandemic Phenomenological Study 

      Ghamrawi, Norma; Shal, Tarek; Ghamrawi, Najah A.R. ( Routledge , 2023 , Article)
      This study explored teacher leadership functions during and post-school disruption, due to COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were recruited from three primary government schools in Qatar, and included 12 teachers, three ...
    • School Leadership 4.0: Are We Ready? 

      Ghamrawi, Norma; Shal, Tarek; Ghamrawi, Najah A.R. ( Springer Nature , 2024 , Book chapter)
      This study explores the relevance of Leadership 4.0 in the context of Education 4.0 for school leaders. By investigating school leaders’ knowledge and perceptions of Education 4.0, the study provides insights into their ...
    • Teacher leadership and virtual communities: Unpacking teacher agency and distributed leadership 

      Shal, Tarek; Ghamrawi, Norma; Abu-Tineh, Abdullah; Al-Shaboul, Yousef M.; Sellami, Abdellatif ( Springer Nature , 2024 , Article)
      This study explored the development of teacher leadership in collaborative online spaces, also called virtual communities of practice (vCoP). Employing a phenomenological research design with semi-structured interviews as ...