• Burden of disease scenarios by state in the USA, 2022–50: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 

      Ali H, Mokdad; Bisignano, Catherine; Hsu, Johnathan M; Bryazka, Dana; Cao, Shujin; ... more authors ( Elsevier , 2024 , Article)
      BackgroundThe capacity to anticipate future health issues is important for both policy makers and practitioners in the USA, as such insights can facilitate effective planning, investment, and implementation strategies. ...
    • Burden of disease scenarios for 204 countries and territories, 2022–2050: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 

      Stein Emil, Vollset; Ababneh, Hazim S; Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh; ... more authors ( Elsevier , 2024 , Article)
      BackgroundFuture trends in disease burden and drivers of health are of great interest to policy makers and the public at large. This information can be used for policy and long-term health investment, planning, and ...
    • Changing life expectancy in European countries 1990–2021: a subanalysis of causes and risk factors from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 

      Nicholas, Steel; Bauer-Staeb, Clarissa Maria Mercedes; Ford, John A; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abdalla, Mohammed Altigani; ... more authors ( Elsevier , 2025 , Article)
      BackgroundDecades of steady improvements in life expectancy in Europe slowed down from around 2011, well before the COVID-19 pandemic, for reasons which remain disputed. We aimed to assess how changes in risk factors and ...
    • Forecasting the effects of smoking prevalence scenarios on years of life lost and life expectancy from 2022 to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 

      Dana, Bryazka; Reitsma, Marissa B; Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis; Abd Al Magied, Abdallah H A; Abdelkader, Atef; ... more authors ( Elsevier , 2024 , Article)
      BackgroundSmoking is the leading behavioural risk factor for mortality globally, accounting for more than 175 million deaths and nearly 4·30 billion years of life lost (YLLs) from 1990 to 2021. The pace of decline in smoking ...
    • Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2019: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 

      Haidong, Wang; Abbas, Kaja M; Abbasifard, Mitra; Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen; Abbastabar, Hedayat; ... more authors ( Elsevier , 2020 , Article)
      Background Accurate and up-to-date assessment of demographic metrics is crucial for understanding a wide range of social, economic, and public health issues that affect populations worldwide. The Global Burden of Diseases, ...
    • Global age-sex-specific mortality, life expectancy, and population estimates in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1950–2021, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 

      Schumacher, Austin E.; Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe; Aali, Amirali; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbas, Jaffar; ... more authors ( Elsevier , 2024 , Article)
      Background: Estimates of demographic metrics are crucial to assess levels and trends of population health outcomes. The profound impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on populations worldwide has underscored the need for timely ...
    • Global burden and strength of evidence for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 

      Michael, Brauer; Roth, Gregory A; Aravkin, Aleksandr Y; Zheng, Peng; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen; ... more authors ( Elsevier Ltd. , 2024 , Article)
      Background: Understanding the health consequences associated with exposure to risk factors is necessary to inform public health policy and practice. To systematically quantify the contributions of risk factor exposures to ...
    • Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 

      Naghavi, Mohsen; Ong, Kanyin Liane; Aali, Amirali; Ababneh, Hazim S.; Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis; ... more authors ( Elsevier , 2024 , Article)
      Background: Regular, detailed reporting on population health by underlying cause of death is fundamental for public health decision making. Cause-specific estimates of mortality and the subsequent effects on life expectancy ...
    • Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 

      Natalia V, Bhattacharjee; Schumacher, Austin E; Aali, Amirali; Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis; Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh; ... more authors ( Elsevier , 2024 , Article)
      Background Accurate assessments of current and future fertility—including overall trends and changing population age structures across countries and regions—are essential to help plan for the profound social, economic, ...
    • Global, regional and national burden of dietary iron deficiency from 1990 to 2021: a Global Burden of Disease study. 

      Lee, Sooji; Son, Yejun; Hwang, Jiyoung; Kim, Min Seo; Shin, Jae Il; ... more authors ( Wiley , 2025 , Article)
      Although iron deficiency is well documented, less is known about dietary involvement in symptomatic iron deficiency manifesting in medical conditions. In this study, we quantified the global burden of dietary iron deficiency, ...
    • Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific burden of diarrhoeal diseases, their risk factors, and aetiologies, 1990–2021, for 204 countries and territories: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 

      Hmwe Hmwe, Kyu; Vongpradith, Avina; Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva; Ma, Jianing; Albertson, Samuel B; ... more authors ( Elsevier , 2024 , Article)
      BackgroundDiarrhoeal diseases claim more than 1 million lives annually and are a leading cause of death in children younger than 5 years. Comprehensive global estimates of the diarrhoeal disease burden for specific age ...
    • Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 

      Kanyin Liane, Ong; Stafford, Lauryn K; McLaughlin, Susan A; Boyko, Edward J; Vollset, Stein Emil; ... more authors ( Elsevier , 2023 , Article)
      BackgroundDiabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Global ...
    • Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 

      Jaimie D, Steinmetz; Seeher, Katrin Maria; Schiess, Nicoline; Nichols, Emma; Cao, Bochen; ... more authors ( Elsevier , 2024 , Article)
      Background Disorders affecting the nervous system are diverse and include neurodevelopmental disorders, late-life neurodegeneration, and newly emergent conditions, such as cognitive impairment following COVID-19. Previous ...
    • Global, regional, and national burden of HIV/AIDS, 1990–2021, and forecasts to 2050, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 

      Austin, Carter; Zhang, Meixin; Tram, Khai Hoan; Walters, Magdalene K; Jahagirdar, Deepa; ... more authors ( Elsevier , 2024 , Article)
      BackgroundAs set out in Sustainable Development Goal 3.3, the target date for ending the HIV epidemic as a public health threat is 2030. Therefore, there is a crucial need to evaluate current epidemiological trends and ...
    • Global, regional, and national burden of household air pollution, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 

      Fiona B, Bennitt; Wozniak, Sarah; Causey, Kate; Spearman, Sandra; Okereke, Chukwuma; ... more authors ( Elsevier , 2025 , Article)
      BackgroundDespite a substantial reduction in the use of solid fuels for cooking worldwide, exposure to household air pollution (HAP) remains a leading global risk factor, contributing considerably to the burden of disease. ...
    • Global, regional, and national burden of upper respiratory infections and otitis media, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 

      Sirota, Sarah Brooke; Doxey, Matthew C; Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva; Bender, Rose Grace; Vongpradith, Avina; ... more authors ( Elsevier Ltd. , 2024 , Article)
      Background: Upper respiratory infections (URIs) are the leading cause of acute disease incidence worldwide and contribute to a substantial health-care burden. Although acute otitis media is a common complication of URIs, ...
    • Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 

      Rafael, Lozano; Fullman, Nancy; Mumford, John Everett; Knight, Megan; Barthelemy, Celine M; ... more authors ( Elsevier , 2020 , Article)
      Background Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) involves all people receiving the health services they need, of high quality, without experiencing financial hardship. Making progress towards UHC is a policy priority ...
    • The burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors by state in the USA, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 

      Mokdad, Ali H.; Bisignano, Catherine; Hsu, Johnathan M.; Ababneh, Hazim S.; Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh; ... more authors ( Elsevier , 2024 , Article)
      Background The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 provides a comprehensive assessment of health and risk factor trends at global, regional, national, and subnational levels. This study ...