• Aesthetic Full Coverage Restorations: Primary Tooth Zirconia Crowns 

      El Shahawy, Osama I.; Nazzal, H. ( CRC Press , 2024 , Book chapter)
      The demand for aesthetics restorations in dentistry has been growing rapidly. The social impact of having a natural and aesthetically pleasing appearance is affecting the choices of not only adults but children as well. ...
    • Aesthetic Full Coverage Restorations: Strip Crowns for Primary Incisors 

      Duggal, M. S.; Nazzal, H.; Robertson, A. J. ( CRC Press , 2024 , Book chapter)
      Unsightly or discoloured primary incisor teeth will often be the reason that, for the first time, parents seek dental treatment for their children. Such teeth may be carious, discoloured due to a congenital defect or trauma, ...
    • Comprehensive Care: Examples of Treated Cases 

      Duggal, M. S.; Nazzal, H.; El Shahawy, Osama I.; Robertson, A. J. ( CRC Press , 2024 , Book chapter)
      The aim of this chapter is to illustrate some clinical cases requiring comprehensive paediatric dental treatment. It should never be forgotten when planning treatment that children are not ‘miniature adults’, and each child ...
    • Dental Caries Management Using the Hall Technique 

      Banihani, Alaa; Duggal, M. S. ( CRC Press , 2024 , Book chapter)
      The concept of minimal intervention dentistry (MID) for managing dental caries in children is composed of a set of biological management techniques that aim at increasing access to dental care, decreasing prevalence of ...
    • Hydrocolloids from Marine Macroalgae: Isolation and Applications 

      Yashaswini, Devi G. V.; Venkatesan, Jayachandran; Anil, Sukumaran ( CRC Press , 2021 , Book chapter)
      Hydrocolloids are natural polymeric substances which are commonly isolated from marine macroalgae. From the last four decades, hydrocolloids have played a significant role in food, cosmeceuticals, nutraceuticals, and ...
    • Local Analgesia 

      Duggal, M. S.; Nazzal, H.; Robertson, A. J. ( CRC Press , 2024 , Book chapter)
      Effective pain control is a prerequisite for the successful restoration of teeth. By far, the most widely used technique in dentistry is the injection of local analgesic (LA) agents to block neural transmission, commonly ...
    • Plastic Restorations for Primary Teeth 

      Duggal, M. S.; Nazzal, H.; Robertson, A. J. ( CRC Press , 2024 , Book chapter)
      Plastic restorative materials available for primary teeth range from the traditional amalgam through to the newest version of compomers. Despite the lack of strong scientific evidence of any medical problems to the use of ...
    • Preformed Metal Crowns for Primary Molars 

      Duggal, M.S.; Nazzal, H.; Robertson, A.J. ( CRC Press , 2024 , Book chapter)
      The nickel chrome preformed metal crown-commonly called the preformed metal crown-has proved to be the most successful restoration for large cavities in primary teeth (Figure 5.1). Following the treatment of pulpally ...
    • Pulp Therapy for Primary Teeth 

      Duggal, M.S.; Philip, N.; Nazzal, H.; Robertson, A.J. ( CRC Press , 2024 , Book chapter)
      In spite of the decline in the prevalence of dental caries in children in the Western world, there is still a large population where caries is still rampant (Figure 4.1). It is therefore important for all dental practitioners ...
    • Restorative Techniques in Paediatric Dentistry: An Illustrated Guide to Conventional and Contemporary Approaches, Third Edition 

      Duggal, M. S.; Nazzal, H.; Robertson, A. J. ( CRC Press , 2024 , Book)
      One of the first books on the market to illustrate the various clinical techniques for restoration, this revised and updated new edition offers new material on treatment planning, local analgesia, biomaterials, biological ...
    • Rubber Dam 

      Duggal, M. S.; Nazzal, H.; Robertson, A. J. ( CRC Press , 2024 , Book chapter)
      Unlike many of the techniques used in modern restorative dentistry, rubber dam is not a recent innovation. Its use was described by Barnum as early as 1865 in the British Journal of Dental Science.
    • Treatment Planning 

      Duggal, M. S.; Nazzal, H.; Robertson, A. J. ( CRC Press , 2024 , Book chapter)
      A treatment plan must be developed and designed to provide high-quality restorative care for each individual child’s needs. The details will vary according to the types of restorations needed, as will the sequence of placing ...