Silicon (Si) solar cells are the dominant and well-developed solar technology holding more than 95% share of the photovoltaic market with efficiencies over 26%. Still, this value is far away from the Shockley–Queisser limit ...

Owing to low production cost and ease of processing, hole-transport layer (HTL) free carbon electrode-based perovskite solar cells (c-PSCs) have emerged as a potential photovoltaic (PV) technology. Despite this, c-PCSs ...

Despite the remarkable progress in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), their instability and rapid degradation over time still restrict their commercialization. A 2D capping layer has been proved to overcome the stability issues; ...

The hole-transport layer (HTL) free perovskite solar cells with carbon electrode (c-PSCs) have garnered significant attention owing to their simple design, cost-effectiveness, and good stability. However, the power conversion ...

Perovskite solar cells based on carbon electrodes (c-PSCs) without a hole transport material (HTM) have gained considerable interest owing to their cost-effective and simplified structure. However, their application is ...