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AuthorOlivares, Rich David Ortiz
AuthorOkoye, Patrick U.
AuthorItuna-Yudonago, Jean F.
AuthorNjoku, Chigoziri Nnaemeka
AuthorHameed, Bassim H.
AuthorSong,Wang
AuthorLi, Sanxi
AuthorLongoria, Adriana
AuthorSebastian, P. J.
Available date2022-03-23T06:05:27Z
Publication Date2020
Publication NameBiomass Conversion and Biorefinery
ResourceScopus
Identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13399-020-01122-0
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10576/28529
AbstractPredominantly, calcium oxide from the calcined waste Gastropoda Mollusca (Achatina fulica sp.) was post-functionalized and stabilized using trisodium phosphate to obtain an apatite-like catalyst (snail shell apatite, SNS-AP) to tailor the synthesis of glycerol carbonate (GC) from abundant biodiesel byproduct glycerol. Textural properties, crystal structure, and morphology were characterized by different techniques. The turnover frequency (TOF) and E-factor green metrics were determined, and plausible reaction mechanisms elucidated. The results show that the transformation of the crystalline phases of the snail shell consisting of aragonite and dolomite phases to apatite-like glaserite after functionalization with trisodium phosphate promoted stability and enhanced basicity of the catalyst to tailor the transesterification reaction. Thus, about 94.3% glycerol conversion and 96.5% GC yield were achieved under best reaction conditions of 80 °C, 90 min, DMC/glycerol molar ratio of 4, and 4 wt% catalyst weight. The TOF and E-factor were 12.533 h−1 and 0.5322, respectively. Also, the catalyst was stable over eight successive cycles of reuse sustaining about 80.34% GC yield. The results show the potential of this environmentally friendly strategy to prepare stable heterogeneous catalyst from natural wastes to promote the upgrading of oversupplied glycerol.
SponsorThe first author acknowledges the financial support provided by DGAPA under the PAPIIT Project No. IA203320. The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by DGAPA (Direccion General de Asuntos del Personal Academico) under PAPIIT Project Nos. IA203320 and IG100720. Also, the authors thank the Instituto de Energías Renovables (IER-UNAM), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, for their support.
Languageen
PublisherSpringer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
SubjectBiodiesel
Gastropoda Mollusca
Glycerol
Glycerol carbonate
Transesterification
TitleValorization of biodiesel byproduct glycerol to glycerol carbonate using highly reusable apatite-like catalyst derived from waste Gastropoda Mollusca
TypeArticle
dc.accessType Abstract Only


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