Functional activation of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has been shown to strongly promote carcinogenesis, leading to the investigation of HER2-directed agents in cancers with HER2 genomic alterations. ...

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare, aggressive salivary gland malignancy, which often presents at an advanced stage. A proportion of SDC are characterized by HER2 amplification and/or overexpression of androgen receptor ...

Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of the breast is a rare, special type of breast cancer, reportedly constituting 2% to 5% of all breast cancers. Although breast NEC does not have a specific targeted therapy, several new ...

The treatment of several solid and hematologic malignancies with immune checkpoint inhibitors (against PD-1/PD-L1) has dramatically changed the cancer treatment paradigm. However, no checkpoint inhibitors were previously ...

Background: Although clear cell morphology may be seen in various subtypes of breast cancer, a pure variant of clear cell carcinoma (usually glycogen-rich) is a very rare primary breast malignancy. It is characterized by ...

IntroductionSpindle cell carcinoma is a rare subtype of metaplastic breast cancer (MBC), with triple-negative (TNBC: ER-/PR-/Her2-) phenotype. It is associated with a marked resistance to conventional chemotherapy and has ...

We profiled nine pure clear cell carcinomas of the breast using massively parallel DNA and RNA sequencing (NGS), in situ hybridization (ISH), and immunohistochemistry (IHC). All cases were primary mammary clear cell ...

Carcinoma with apocrine differentiation (invasive apocrine carcinoma) is defined by “WHO Classification of Tumours of the Breast” as “any invasive carcinoma in which cells show the cytological features of apocrine ...

Carcinoma with apocrine differentiation (invasive apocrine carcinoma) is defined by “WHO Classification of Tumours of the Breast” as “any invasive carcinoma in which cells show the cytological features of apocrine cells” ...

The breast is a rare site for metastases, and their molecular characteristics have not been studied yet. Intrinsic molecular genetics, cancer characteristics, and breast tissue immune responses in diverse metastases to the ...