Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) as an energy-efficient wastewater treatment technology have attracted increasing interest in the past decade. Cathode catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) present a major challenge ...

Bioelectrochemical systems (BES) and forward osmosis (FO) are two emerging technologies with great potential for energy-efficient water/wastewater treatment. BES takes advantage of microbial interaction with a solid electron ...

Saline water such as seawater or brackish water is a potential source for drinking water or for non-potable applications, but the existing desalination techniques are energy intensive. Therefore, there is an urgent need ...