Analysis of Resistance to Antimicrobials and Presence of Virulence/Stress Response Genes in Campylobacter Isolates from Patients with Severe Diarrhoea
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Date
2015-03-17Author
Ghunaim, HaithamBehnke, Jerzy M.
Aigha, Idil
Sharma, Aarti
Doiphode, Sanjay H.
Deshmukh, Anand
Abu-Madi, Marawan M.
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Campylobacter infections are a major cause of diarrhoea world-wide and two of the antimicrobials
used for their control (erythromycin and ciprofloxacin) have been losing efficacy in
recent years. In a sample of 174 genotyped isolates from the stools of patients with severe
diarrhoea in Qatar, collected between 2005 and 2012, 63.2%showed resistance to ciprofloxacin,
8.6% to erythromycin, 0.57%to chloramphenicol and all were sensitive to gentamycin.
While 33.9%of isolates were sensitive to all four antimicrobials, 59.8% were
resistant to at least one, 6.3% were resistant to two and none showed resistance to three
antimicrobials. There was no host sex- or age-dependence among isolates resistant to ciprofloxacin
and erythromycin and no significant variation was found with the region of origin
of the patients. All isolates were screened for the presence of 3 virulence factors (ciaB,
cadF and cdtB) and two stress-response factors (htrB and clpP), all of which were present
in more than 50% of the isolates. Host sex-, age- and region of origin-dependent variations
in prevalence were found for some of these factors. Data analysis for the combination of virulence
factors and their effect on antimicrobial resistance indicated that the prevalence of
resistance to both erythromycin and ciprofloxacin was higher in isolates harbouring ciaB but
not clpP. Prevalence of resistance to ciprofloxacin was similar in clpP positive and negative
isolates also possessing htrB, while for htrB-negative isolates prevalence was higher in the
absence of clpP. These results are discussed and their implications are highlighted.
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