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المؤلفElaf, Reem
المؤلفBen Ali, Ahmed
المؤلفSaad, Mohammed
المؤلفHussein, Ibnelwaleed A.
المؤلفBai, Baojun
تاريخ الإتاحة2024-03-18T06:24:35Z
تاريخ النشر2023
اسم المنشورGeoenergy Science and Engineering
المصدرScopus
الرقم المعياري الدولي للكتاب29498910
معرّف المصادر الموحدhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoen.2023.212136
معرّف المصادر الموحدhttp://hdl.handle.net/10576/53133
الملخصOil and gas extraction has become challenging nowadays due to the accompanying amount of excess produced water that results in poor recoverability of hydrocarbon, besides other environmental and economic isues. A recent and efficient technology for conformance control is the injection of preformed particle gels (PPGs), which results in a more practical production process. Nevertheless, existing treatments fail in high-temperature reservoirs, are extremely sensitive to salinity, and are hazardous. The characteristics of the designed PPG, such as mechanical strength and thermal durability, is mainly depend on their crosslinking method. Polysaccharides-based gels prepared by physical crosslinking are weaker than the ones crosslinked by strong covalent bonding. This paper uses one of the polysaccharides and proposes an environmentally friendly PPG for water shutoff applications in reservoirs of high temperature (≤130 °C) and high salinity (200,000 ppm), named chitosan grafted polyacrylamide crosslinked with N, N′-methylene bisacrylamide, synthesized chemically by microwave assisted method. The PPG's chemical compositions, grafting and crosslinking mechanism have been investigated by FTIR spectroscopy and SEM techniques. Swelling kinetics, swelling capacity, and mechanical strength measurements were conducted in different conditions to evaluate the influence of the reservoir conditions, such as salinity, temperature, and pH, on the PPG stability. TGA experiments were also performed to examine the thermal stability. Results have shown that the grafting method has produced a PPG with improved mechanical strength, thermal durability, and salt insensitivity. These results are consistent with the testing observations, where the swelling capacities and the storage modulusof Cs/PAMBA samples, with different MBA content, in deionized water were 2.72–11.64 g/g and 4272.1–22,687 Pa, respectively, while they are 2.52–13.82 g/g and 3699.6–22,910, respectively, in saline solution of TDS 67.2976 g/L. The PPGs are thermally stable and resist temperatures up to 130 °C. Besides being eco-friendly, the Cs/PAMBA showed good long-term thermal stability in high-temperature and high-salinity environments.
راعي المشروعThe authors would like to acknowledge the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation) for funding through Grant # NPRP13S-1231-190009. Al-Salam Petroleum Services Company inQatar is also acknowledged for co-funding this project. The findings achieved herein are solely the responsibility of the authors. The authors would like to acknowledge Qatar University for providing Graduate Assistantship to Ms. Reem Elaf in her graduate studies. The SEM images were accomplished in the Central Laboratories unit at Qatar University, and the authors would also like to thank them for their continued assistance.
اللغةen
الناشرElsevier
الموضوعChitosan
Conformance control
Grafted polysaccharides
Mechanical strength
Swelling ratio
Thermal stability
العنوانDevelopment of eco-friendly chitosan-g-polyacrylamide preformed particle gel for conformance control in high-temperature and high-salinity reservoirs
النوعArticle
رقم المجلد230
dc.accessType Open Access


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