Ijtihād Maqāṣidī and Legal Adaptation: A Comparative Analysis of Contemporary Islamic Jurisprudence in Responding to Emerging Issues
| Author | Athambawa, Mahroof |
| Available date | 2025-09-10T05:30:22Z |
| Publication Date | 2025-06-14 |
| Publication Name | Mazahibuna: Jurnal Perbandingan Mazhab |
| Identifier | http://dx.doi.org/10.24252/mazahibuna.vi.54378 |
| Citation | Athambawa, M. (2025). Ijtihād Maqāṣidī and Legal Adaptation: A Comparative Analysis of Contemporary Islamic Jurisprudence in Responding to Emerging Issues. Mazahibuna: Jurnal Perbandingan Mazhab, 89–103. https://doi.org/10.24252/mazahibuna.vi.54378 |
| ISSN | 2685-7812 |
| Abstract | This study aimed to examine the significance of ijtihād Maqāṣidī in contemporary Islamic jurisprudence, focusing on its role in addressing legal and ethical dilemmas. The study explored how Islamic law remains adaptive and relevant in modern contexts by analyzing different scholarly perspectives on Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah. A qualitative method was adopted, utilizing doctrinal analysis and comparative methodology. Primary and secondary Islamic legal sources, including classical and contemporary juristic opinions, were analyzed to evaluate different schools of thought regarding ijtihād Maqāṣid. Additionally, case studies such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the moon sighting debate were examined to show practical applications of Maqāṣid in Islamic legal reasoning. The result showed three primary methods among contemporary scholars, namely (1) scholars who consider Maqāṣid as an independent legal proof, (2) those who limit Maqāṣid only to explicitly supported textual evidence, and (3) the moderate scholars who integrate textual sources with Maqāṣid to develop balanced legal rulings. The result reflected the strengths and weaknesses of each method, showing how Maqāṣid-based reasoning improves the adaptability of Islamic jurisprudence. This study provided a comprehensive examination of Maqāṣid’s role in contemporary Islamic legal thought, offering a distinct understanding of ijtihād Maqāṣidī beyond traditional jurisprudential analyses. By integrating historical and modern perspectives, the results contributed to ongoing debates on the evolution of Islamic legal methodologies. Furthermore, there was a need for incorporating ijtihād Maqāṣid in modern legal discourse to ensure that Islamic law remained relevant and effective in addressing new societal challenges. This study also advocated for a structured application of Maqāṣid in judicial and legislative frameworks, promoting further investigation into its potential in legal reform and policy-making in Islamic jurisdictions. |
| Language | en |
| Publisher | Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar |
| Subject | Maqasid-Based Ijtihad Contemporary Shariah Transformation Maqasid Al-Shariah Islamic Law |
| Type | Article |
| Pagination | 89-103 |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| Volume Number | 7 |
| Alternative Abstract | Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji signifikansi ijtihād Maqāṣidī dalam yurisprudensi Islam kontemporer, dengan fokus pada perannya dalam mengatasi dilema hukum dan etika. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana hukum Islam tetap adaptif dan relevan dalam konteks modern dengan menganalisis berbagai perspektif ulama tentang Maqāṣid al-Sharī'ah. Metode kualitatif diadopsi, dengan menggunakan analisis doktrinal dan metodologi komparatif. Sumber-sumber hukum Islam primer dan sekunder, termasuk pendapat hukum klasik dan kontemporer, dianalisis untuk mengevaluasi berbagai mazhab pemikiran tentang ijtihad Maqāṣid. Selain itu, studi kasus seperti pandemi COVID-19 dan perdebatan penampakan bulan juga diteliti untuk menunjukkan aplikasi praktis Maqāṣid dalam penalaran hukum Islam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga metode utama di antara para ulama kontemporer, yaitu (1) ulama yang menganggap Maqāṣid sebagai bukti hukum yang independen, (2) mereka yang membatasi Maqāṣid hanya pada bukti tekstual yang didukung secara eksplisit, dan (3) ulama moderat yang mengintegrasikan sumber-sumber tekstual dengan Maqāṣid untuk mengembangkan putusan hukum yang seimbang. Hasilnya mencerminkan kekuatan dan kelemahan masing-masing metode, menunjukkan bagaimana penalaran berbasis Maqāṣid meningkatkan kemampuan beradaptasi yurisprudensi Islam. Penelitian ini memberikan kajian komprehensif mengenai peran Maqāṣid dalam pemikiran hukum Islam kontemporer, menawarkan pemahaman yang berbeda tentang ijtihād Maqāṣidī di luar analisis yurisprudensi tradisional. Dengan mengintegrasikan perspektif historis dan modern, hasil penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi pada perdebatan yang sedang berlangsung tentang evolusi metodologi hukum Islam. Selain itu, terdapat kebutuhan untuk memasukkan ijtihād Maqāṣid dalam wacana hukum modern untuk memastikan bahwa hukum Islam tetap relevan dan efektif dalam menjawab tantangan-tantangan masyarakat yang baru. Penelitian ini juga mengadvokasi penerapan Maqāṣid yang terstruktur dalam kerangka kerja yudisial dan legislatif, mendorong investigasi lebih lanjut mengenai potensinya dalam reformasi hukum dan pembuatan kebijakan di hukum Islam. |
| ESSN | 2685-6905 |
| Subject | Ijtihād Maqāṣidī Fikih Kontemporer Ijtihād Maqāṣid Al-Syariah Hukum Islam |
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