Cardiovascular Risk Among Patients ≥ 65 Years of Age with Parkinson's Disease (From the National Inpatient Sample)

Abstract

In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between PD and vascular disease and risk factors using a nationally representative sample. The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was queried for all patients aged ≥ 65 who were diagnosed with PD during the year 2016. Patients were identified using the International Classification of Diseases—Tenth Revision (ICD-10) diagnosis code: "G20". Each patient diagnosed with PD was frequency-matched to controls at a 1:4 ratio by age and gender. Study outcomes were hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease and stroke. Outcomes were modeled using logistic regression analysis and further validation was obtained using a propensity score-matched analysis. A total of 57,914 patients (weighted: 289,570) with PD were included. Most patients were of Caucasian race (80.8%). Females were 42.4% and the mean age was 79 years, standard error of the mean (SEM) (0.03). PD correlated with lower odds for hyperlipidemia adjusted odd ratio (a-OR): 0.77 (0.75-0.79) p < 0.001, diabetes mellitus a-OR 0.73 (95%CI: 0.71-0.75) p < 0.001, hypertension a-OR 0.68 (95%CI: 0.67- 0.70) p < 0.001, coronary artery disease a-OR 0.64 (95%CI: 0.63-0.66) p < 0.001 and higher odds for stroke a-OR: 1.27 (95%CI: 1.24-1.31) p < 0.001. Following propensity score matching, identical findings were found. In conclusion, patients with PD have a distinct cardiovascular profile with higher rates of stroke and lower rates of coronary artery disease and vascular disease risk factors.