Erosion behaviour of API X100 pipeline steel at various impact angles and particle speeds
Author | Okonkwo, Paul C. |
Author | Abdul Shakoor, Rana |
Author | Zagho, Moustafa M. |
Author | Mohamed, Adel Mohamed Amer |
Available date | 2021-06-07T09:59:13Z |
Publication Date | 2016 |
Publication Name | Metals |
Resource | Scopus |
Abstract | Erosion is the gradual removal of material due to solid particle impingement and results in a failure of pipeline materials. In this study, a series of erosion tests were carried out to investigate the influence of particle speed and impact angle on the erosion mechanism of API X100 pipeline steel. A dry erosion machine was used as the test equipment, while the particle speed ranged from 20 to 80 m/s and impact angles of 30 and 90 were used as test parameters. The eroded API X100 steel surface was characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The weight loss and erosion rate were also investigated. The results showed that at a 90 impact angle, a ploughing mechanism was occurring on the tested specimens, while material removal through low-angle cutting was the dominant mechanism at lower impact angles. Embedment of alumina particles on the target steel surface, micro-cutting, and low-angle cutting were observed at low impact angles. Therefore, the scratches, cuttings, and severe ploughings observed on some failed oil and gas pipelines could be attributed to the erosion mechanism. |
Sponsor | This publication was made possible by NPRP Grant 6-027-2-010 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of the Qatar Foundation). Statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors. |
Language | en |
Publisher | MDPI AG |
Subject | Erosion API X100 |
Type | Article |
Issue Number | 10 |
Volume Number | 6 |
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