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AuthorMady, Mohamed F.
AuthorAbdelaal, Abdelrahman T.
AuthorKelland, Malcolm A.
AuthorLiakaki-Stavropoulou, Stefania
AuthorDemadis, Konstantinos D.
Available date2023-08-28T10:17:08Z
Publication Date2023-07-06
Publication NameEnergy and Fuels
Identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c01428
CitationMady, M. F., Abdelaal, A. T., Kelland, M. A., Liakaki-Stavropoulou, S., & Demadis, K. D. (2023). Flexible, Linear, and Systematically Expanded Tetraphosphonate Bolaamphiphiles and Their Inhibition Performance against Calcite and Barite Scale Formation. Energy & Fuels.‏
ISSN08870624
URIhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85164441385&origin=inward
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10576/46844
AbstractOilfield scaling is one of the most prevalent water-based oilfield production problems. Chemical inhibitors are often used to combat and prevent scale deposition. The phosphonate functional group is commonly used in many scale inhibitors. A series of bolaamphiphilic alkyldiamine tetrakis(methylenephosphonic acid)s have been synthesized from 1,X-diamines, where X in the polymethylene spacer groups has an even number of 2-12 carbon atoms. These inhibitors were coined CX-T (X is the number of C atoms between the N atoms on the inhibitor backbone, and T stands for tetraphosphonates). All tetraphosphonates showed excellent compatibility with calcium ions at 100 ppm or less, i.e., normal scale inhibitor dosage levels. At higher dosages, the calcium concentration and length of the alkylene spacer chain between the nitrogen atoms also determine the compatibility. Crystal structures were determined for the calcium “complexes” with the tetraphosphonates C2-T, C4-T, C6-T, and C8-T. All tetraphosphonates were investigated for calcite and barite scale inhibition under dynamic conditions using oilfield produced waters based on the Heidrun field water composition, offshore Norway. For calcite scaling, tetraphosphonates with ethylene (2 carbons) and hexamethylene (6 carbons) spacer groups gave the best inhibition performance. For barite scaling, the best inhibition was observed for the tetraphosphonates with ethylene and tetramethylene spacer groups, which relates to the ability of both disphosphonate moieties to interact with a single barium ion.
SponsorThe authors thank the Research Council of Norway for the financial support of the Ph.D. Candidate Abdelrahman T. Abdelaal, through the project PETROMAKS 2 Programme/Research Project 300754.
Languageen
PublisherAmerican Chemical Society
SubjectAtoms
Barite
TitleFlexible, Linear, and Systematically Expanded Tetraphosphonate Bolaamphiphiles and Their Inhibition Performance against Calcite and Barite Scale Formation
TypeArticle
Issue Number13
Volume Number37
dc.accessType Abstract Only


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