Chemical, physical, and morphological characteristics of nanomaterials for CO2 capture and conversion

Abstract

The major cause of global warming and ocean acidification are due to the anthropogenic emissions of CO2 from industrial development. Till date, various mitigation strategies had been proposed for CO2 capture from different effluent sources. Presently, due to commercial impact and vast potential of nanotechnology, it had attracted various attention of research sectors nationwide. Nanotechnology is prominent in several fields such as health care, agriculture, industries, science and technology where intensive investigation, development, production, and processing of structure and materials had been done in the recent years to enhance the materials properties. However, viability of such materials became uncertain due to the irregularities and ambiguities in dimensions and chemical compositions. More concerns arise about the efficiency of mass transfer, transformation of nanomaterials and impacts towards the environment. In this regards, a comprehensive analysis of the present phase of knowledge concerning the morphology of nanomaterials properties has been discussed in depth. Several nanomaterials include carbon nanotubes, graphene-based nanomaterials, nanoclay composites, metal organic frameworks, nanostructured thin films with their applications were highlighted here. In addition, novel development, and breakthrough applications with nanomaterials in separation and purification processes are discussed in detail. Nonetheless, the distinctive characteristics and functions of nanomaterials together with the challenges for their applications and mass scale fabrication were also discussed. Some future perspective and possible areas of study are highlighted in the end of the chapter.