Pedestrian Crossing (Crosswalk)

Abstract

Pedestrian crossings are facilities for pedestrians to cross at at-grade intersections or road sections safely. At unsignalized crossings, pedestrian safety is ensured by clarifying pedestrian priority with zebra markings, and by improvement to visibility and speed control with refuge islands and other road structures. At signalized crossings, pedestrian crossing right of way is given through the green signal indication, which is often provided only when activated by pedestrians using push buttons, to reduce vehicle delays by unnecessary pedestrian green times. These signalized crossings are of various types (such as Pelican, Puffin, Toucan, Pegasus, and Hawk crossings) according to different signs and detection systems. At signalized intersections, pedestrian and vehicle movements are separated by different arrangements of phasing plans including exclusive pedestrian phases (scramble crossings) to avoid frequent conflicts between pedestrians and vehicles for safety improvement.