Changes in dietary habits and eating behaviors during COVID-19 induced confinement: A study from Jordan

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate dietary habits (DH) and eating behaviors (EB) among adults during confinement induced by COVID-19 in Jordan. Method: In this cross-sectional study, an online survey designed to assess the change in DH and EB during April and May 2020 was distributed using various social media platforms. Results: The survey was completed by a total of 1844 adult (18-72 years) participants from the public in Jordan. The results indicated an increase (42.5-61.8%) in most of the DH and EB examined in the current study in the majority of participants. Among these changes, they have increased (p < 0.05) the prevalence of fruit and vegetable, immune boosters, water, and hot beverage consumption, as well as decreased (p < 0.05) eating in restaurants and fatty food consumption, indicating a positive change. Conversely, a larger (p < 0.05) proportion of participants reported increased consumption of high-calorie food and late-night eating, indicating a risky behavior for obesity and subsequent chronic complications. Additionally, age, sex, obesity, education, income, and type of job appeared to contribute (p < 0.05) to changes in DH and EB. Overall, confinement caused by COVID-19 appears to compel adults to adopt a specific DH and EB. Although most of these changes were positive, some were negative. Conclusion: This study provides essential information for designing subpopulation recommendations and developmental programs for adults under such conditions.