Biodegradable plastic from fish scales (Epinephelus coioides) using fermented bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus)

Abstract

A large amount of the domestic and industrial waste produced by humans ends up in the environment and the oceans. The manufacturing of plastic has increased because of the world population growth-related rapid developments in urbanization and industrialization. Living creatures and the environment are both at risk from this garbage (fish byproducts & plastics). Plastic takes hundreds of years to break down, plastic fragments can persist in the earth and oceans, which can threat the life. On the other hand, waste management problems have arisen because of fish processing industry which are producing enormous volumes of byproducts (guts, bones, scales, heads, and fins). Because of fish scales which are more flexible, light- weight, and comparatively clear than other materials, they can be utilized to create bioplastics. In this Project, fish scales were fermented by Staphylococcus bacteria to make bioplastic, which has several beneficial characteristics including heat tolerance, smooth texture, transparency, soft touch, high tensile strength, and can be degradable in two days. In conclusion, the production of bioplastic using fermented bacteria is extremely economical, environmentally benign, and sustainable, all of which align with world Vision.