MALAYALAM VS. ENGLISH: CASE OF KERALITE FAMILIES IN QATAR

Abstract

This dissertation investigates the linguistic practices of the Keralite community in Qatar, with a focus on the interplay between Malayalam and English. Employing methods such as interviews, participant observations, and statistical analysis, the study uses the adapted Domain Theory and thematic analysis to explore how these languages are used within the community. The interviews and participant observations revealed the same outcomes as the surveys, reinforcing the consistency of the findings across different methods of data collection. The research reveals that Malayalam holds deep cultural significance for the Keralites, acting as a critical marker of identity and heritage. It is particularly emphasized in family communication and cultural practices. However, English is increasingly viewed as essential for social mobility and professional success, especially among younger generations. This duality creates a complex linguistic landscape where Malayalam is cherished for cultural preservation, while English is seen as a practical tool for advancement. Thematic analysis uncovered key themes, including the role of cultural organizations in sustaining Malayalam, the perception of Malayalam as challenging in academic contexts, and the widespread practice of code-switching between Malayalam and English. These findings underscore the community's adaptation to a bilingual environment but also highlight concerns about the potential erosion of Malayalam. Socio-demographic factors, such as income and gender, were found to significantly influence language use. Higher-income families and females were more likely to favor English, linking it to aspirations for social mobility. The study's findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions to support Malayalam's academic proficiency and suggest future research directions in understanding the psychological and emotional factors influencing language choice. The research contributes to a deeper understanding of the linguistic dynamics within diaspora communities and the role of language in maintaining cultural identity amidst globalizing pressures.