Browsing by Author "Ayyad, Essam"
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An historiographical analysis of the Arabic accounts of early mosques: With special reference to those at Madina, Basra and Kufa
Ayyad, Essam S ( Oxford University Press , 2019 , Article)[No abstract available] -
Re-Evaluating Early Memorization of the Qurʾān in Medieval Muslim Cultures
Ayyad, Essam ( MDPI , 2022 , Article)In medieval Islam, traditional primary educational practices laid special emphasis on learning the Qurʾān by heart. Ideally, a pupil was primed to memorize the entirety of the Holy Book―a feat known as khatma or ḥadhqa. ...