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AuthorHires M.
AuthorJane E.
AuthorMego M.
AuthorChovanec M.
AuthorKasak P.
AuthorTkac J.
Available date2020-04-01T06:59:41Z
Publication Date2019
Publication NameDiagnostics
ResourceScopus
ISSN20754418
URIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics9040156
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10576/13659
AbstractThe U.S. Preventive Services Task Force does not recommend routine screening for testicular cancer (TC) in asymptomatic men, essentially because serological testicular cancer (TC) biomarkers are not reliable. The main reason is that two of the most important TC biomarkers, ?-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), are not produced solely due to TC. Moreover, up to 40% of patients with TC do not have elevated serological biomarkers, which is why serial imaging with CT is the chief means of monitoring progress. On the other hand, exposure to radiation can lead to an increased risk of secondary malignancies. This review provides the first comprehensive account of the applicability of protein glycoprofiling as a promising biomarker for TC with applications in disease diagnostics, monitoring and recurrence evaluation. The review first deals with the description and classification of TC. Secondly, the limitations of current TC biomarkers such as hCG, AFP and lactate dehydrogenase are provided together with an extensive overview of the glycosylation of hCG and AFP related to TC. The final part of the review summarises the potential of glycan changes on either hCG and AFP as TC biomarkers for diagnostics and prognostics purposes, and for disease recurrence evaluation. Finally, an analysis of glycans in serum and tissues as TC biomarkers is also provided. - 2019 by the authors.
SponsorFunding: The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support received from the Slovak Research and Development Agency APVV 17-0300. This work was supported by the Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic under project registration no. 2018/23-SAV-1. P.K. expresses thanks that this work was also made possible by NPRP grants NPRP 6-381-1-078 and NPRP-9-219-2-105 from the Qatar National Research Fund (A Member of The Qatar Foundation). The findings achieved herein are solely the responsibility of the authors.
Languageen
PublisherMDPI AG
SubjectBiomarkers
Glycans
Glycosylation
Lectins
Testicular cancer
TitleGlycan analysis as biomarkers for testicular cancer
TypeArticle Review
Issue Number4
Volume Number9
dc.accessType Open Access


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