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AuthorDhulkifle, Hevna
AuthorAgouni, Abdelali
AuthorZeidan, Asaad
AuthorAl-Kuwari, Mohammed Saif
AuthorParray, Aijaz
AuthorTolefat, Mohamed
AuthorKorashy, Hesham M.
Available date2021-09-12T09:48:03Z
Publication Date2021-08-26
Publication NameInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
Identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ ijms22179258
CitationDhulkifle, H.; Agouni, A.; Zeidan, A.; Al-Kuwari, M.S.; Parray, A.; Tolefat, M.; Korashy, H.M. Influence of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activating Environmental Pollutants on Autism Spectrum Disorder. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 9258. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijms22179258
Identifier9258
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10576/23081
AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an umbrella term that includes many different disorders that affect the development, communication, and behavior of an individual. Prevalence of ASD has risen exponentially in the past couple of decades. ASD has a complex etiology and traditionally recognized risk factors only account for a small percentage of incidence of the disorder. Recent studies have examined factors beyond the conventional risk factors (e.g., environmental pollution). There has been an increase in air pollution since the beginning of industrialization. Most environmental pollutants cause toxicities through activation of several cellular receptors, such as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)/cytochrome P450 (CYPs) pathway. There is little research on the involvement of AhR in contributing to ASD. Although a few reviews have discussed and addressed the link between increased prevalence of ASD and exposure to environmental pollutants, the mechanism governing this effect, specifically the role of AhR in ASD development and the molecular mechanisms involved, have not been discussed or reviewed before. This article reviews the state of knowledge regarding the impact of the AhR/CYP pathway modulation upon exposure to environmental pollutants on ASD risk, incidence, and development. It also explores the molecular mechanisms involved, such as epigenesis and polymorphism. In addition, the review explores possible new AhR-mediated mechanisms of several drugs used for treatment of ASD, such as sulforaphane, resveratrol, haloperidol, and metformin
Languageen
PublisherMDPI
SubjectAutism
Environmental pollutants
AhR
CYP1A1
Epigenetic modifications
Polymorphism
TitleInfluence of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activating Environmental Pollutants on Autism Spectrum Disorder
TypeArticle Review
Issue Number22
dc.accessType Open Access


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