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المؤلفRachid, Ousama
المؤلفAkkbik, Mohammed
المؤلفMakhlouf, Ahmed
المؤلفMoslih, Ayad
المؤلفAl Shaikh, Loua
المؤلفAlinier, Guillaume
تاريخ الإتاحة2022-03-24T05:33:56Z
تاريخ النشر2022
اسم المنشورJournal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care
المصدرqscience
الاقتباسRachid O, Akkbik M, Makhlouf A, Moslih A, Al Shaikh L, Alinier G. Intravenous fluids in hot pre-hospital environments: Thermal and physical stability of normal saline after exposure to simulated stress conditions, Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma & Acute Care 2022:60 http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/jemtac.2022.qhc.60
الرقم المعياري الدولي للكتاب1999-7086
الرقم المعياري الدولي للكتاب1999-7094
معرّف المصادر الموحدhttps://doi.org/10.5339/jemtac.2022.qhc.60
معرّف المصادر الموحدhttp://hdl.handle.net/10576/28948
الملخصBackground: Normal saline 0.9 % (NS) is the most widespread crystalloid used as a life-saving intravenous (IV) fluid. 1 NS contains sodium and chloride in equal concentrations and is subject to thermal stress conditions while stored and transported by clinicians in the pre-hospital environment. 2 This study aimed to investigate the effect of high-temperature exposure on NS bags used by the Hamad Medical Corporation Ambulance Service in Qatar. Methods: Five-hundred mL polyolefin NS soft bags (Qatar-Pharma, BN:1929013008) were divided into 4 groups of 24 each and stored at constant temperature (22, 50, or 70°C), or subjected to a temperature of 70°C for 8 hours followed by 22°C for 16 hours repeatedly over 28 days. Inspection and chromatographic analysis of the bags was performed at 0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours in the 72-hour study, and at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks in the 28-day study. Results: NS bags slightly bulged at 50°C and significantly bulged at 70°C or in the long experiment with temperature variation (Figure 1). During the exposure period, there was no discoloration, turbidity, or leaching of plastic components observed in the NS fluid. The pH readings were 5.59 ± 0.08 (22°C-Control sample), 5.73 ± 0.04 (50°C), 5.86 ± 0.02 (70°C), and 5.79 ± 0.03 following prolonged temperature variation. The sodium and chloride levels for the short-term study ranged from 100.2 ± 0.26% to 107.9 ± 0.75% and from 99.04 ± 0.76 to 102.11 ± 1.71%, and for the long-term study they ranged from 101.93 ± 0.90% to 111.27 ± 2.61 and from 99.05 ± 0.94% to 110.95 ± 1.63%; respectively (Figure 2) in comparison to manufacturer stated concentrations. Conclusion: There was no evidence to suggest that the NS fluid inside the PO bags is physically and chemically different when exposed up to 28 days to 50°C, 70°C, and prolonged temperature variations compared to 22°C. These simulated conditions are subject to further testing under real-life pre-hospital care emergency conditions in a hot country.
اللغةen
الناشرHamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press)
الموضوعNormal Saline
Thermal and physical stability
Pre-hospital
Sodium chloride
Ambulance Service
العنوانIntravenous fluids in hot pre-hospital environments: Thermal and physical stability of normal saline after exposure to simulated stress conditions
النوعArticle
رقم العدد1
رقم المجلد2022
dc.accessType Open Access


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