Impact of aluminium acetate particles size on the gelation kinetics of polyacrylamide-based gels: Rheological and molecular simulation study
المؤلف | Hamza A. |
المؤلف | Shamlooh M. |
المؤلف | Hussein I.A. |
المؤلف | Nasser M.S. |
المؤلف | Onawole A.T. |
المؤلف | Magzoub M. |
المؤلف | Salehi S. |
تاريخ الإتاحة | 2022-04-25T10:59:44Z |
تاريخ النشر | 2021 |
اسم المنشور | Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering |
المصدر | Scopus |
المعرّف | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.24152 |
الملخص | Inorganically crosslinked polymers have been intensively implemented for conformance control treatments in oil and gas wells at low temperatures (<90°C) because of their faster gelation time compared to organically crosslinked gels. Crosslinkers such as chromium acetate are known to be toxic, and aluminium-based alternatives have been introduced. This study aims to investigate the impact of aluminium acetate (AlAc) particle size on the gelation kinetics of polyacrylamide (PAM)-based gels at a pH of 5 and temperature of 75°C. Moreover, bentonite is used as an additive to delay the crosslinking of PAM/AlAc gels. Reducing the particle size increases the specific surface area of the particles and provides more crosslinking sites. Therefore, lower PAM concentrations (up to 5 wt.%) could be used without AlAc settling. Using 7 wt.% PAM/1 wt.% AlAc with sizes of 25 and 48 μm revealed a crosslinking time of 17 and 115 min, respectively. The addition of bentonite at low crosslinker concentrations (0.5–1 wt.%) did not decrease the gel strength of 7 wt.% PAM/1 wt.% AlAc significantly. The gelation time was extended after adding 1 wt.% bentonite to the formulation where the delay was attributed to the adsorption of AlAc on the bentonite surface that was illustrated by molecular simulation. |
راعي المشروع | The authors are thankful for the support of the Qatar National Research Fund (QNRF) (a member of Qatar Foundation) through Grant # NPRP10-0125-170240. The findings achieved herein are solely the responsibility of the authors. SNF Company is acknowledged for providing the polymers used in this study. The acknowledgment is also extended to Oklahoma University for supporting this research. Open Access funding provided by the Qatar National Library. |
اللغة | en |
الناشر | John Wiley and Sons Inc |
الموضوع | Aluminum compounds Bentonite Binary alloys Chromium compounds Gelation Gels Molecular structure Particle size Volatile fatty acids Bentonite surface Conformance control Cross-linked gels Cross-linked polymers Crosslinker concentration Crosslinking time Molecular simulations Polyacrylamide(PAM) Aluminum alloys |
النوع | Article |
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