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AuthorAl-Adwi, Maryam E.
AuthorAl-Haswsa, Zinab M.
AuthorAlhmmadi, Karmen M.
AuthorEissa, Yasmin A.
AuthorHamdan, Aya
AuthorBawadi, Hiba
AuthorTayyem, Reema F.
Available date2022-08-15T07:14:39Z
Publication Date2022-01-01
Publication NameNutrition and Health
Identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02601060221112805
CitationAl-Adwi ME, Al-Haswsa ZM, Alhmmadi KM, et al. Effects of different diets on glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes: A literature review. Nutrition and Health. July 2022. doi:10.1177/02601060221112805
ISSN02601060
URIhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85133876232&origin=inward
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10576/33050
AbstractBackground: Globally, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common diseases, and the incidence is gradually increasing. Diet management could improve the elevated HbA1c levels. Aim: This review aims to examine the effects of different types of diets on glycemic control in patients with T2DM. Methods: PubMed and Google scholar databases were searched. Reports published from the years 1991 to 2021 that focused on the effect of different diets on diabetes control were selected. Results: All the studies reported that the type of diet can affect insulin secretion and glycemic control in patients with diabetes. The recommended macronutrient distribution for patients with diabetes is 30% of fat, 45–60% of carbohydrates, and 15–35% of protein. Consuming more or less of these macronutrients may lead to changes in glucose metabolism and may affect insulin secretion. In fact, following alow-fat diet improves glycemic control and decreases HbA1c levels. Studies reported that a low-carbohydrate diet had the greatest effect on improving glycemic control and insulin parameters. A low-calorie diet reduced fasting plasma glucose, while a very low-calorie diet resulted in a long-term decrease in HbA1c level. A healthy diet free of processed foods and sugar, and rich in nutrients such as fiber, vitamins, and minerals contributed to maintaining controlled blood sugar and lipid plasma levels. Although studies show a low-salt diet improves blood pressure, which is common inT2DM, other findings show that restricting salt intake is associated with increased sugar consumption. Conclusion: Healthy diet with adequate intake of energy and low-fat and low-sugar foods can enhance the glycemic control and reduce T2DM complications.
Languageen
PublisherSAGE Publications
Subjectdietary habits
glycemic control
HbA1c
low-carbohydrate diet
low-fat diet
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
very low-caloric diet
TitleEffects of different diets on glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes: A literature review
TypeArticle Review
ESSN2047-945X
dc.accessType Full Text


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