Microgrid Formation Strategy Including Multiple Energy and Capacity Resources for Resilience Improvement

Abstract

Nowadays, the resilience enhancement is one of the most important concerns in electric power networks. The division of the main microgrid into several sub-microgrids, i.e., microgrid formation (MF), is a resilient strategy for distribution systems against natural disasters and cyber-physical attacks. Such effective solution not only increases the resilience and load restoration but also reduces the costs. The extensive penetration of renewable resources in microgrids increases the issues about safe operation under faults. This chapter presents a resilient microgrid formation in the presence of solar, wind, and diesel Distributed generation (DG) for load restoration maximization. In order to carry out the microgrid formation, several candidate breakers and tie-line switches are considered, and their optimal on-off conditions are determined. Both the active and reactive powers are included in the model. The model is expressed as mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) and is simulated under three various cases including case 1, without formation strategy; case 2, formation strategy with line breaker switch; and case 3, formation strategy with both line and tie breaker switches. The numerical results are carried out based on IEEE 33-bus and 69-bus standard distribution networks. The results emphasize on the effectiveness of the developed formation strategy with both the breaker and tie line switches for load restoration and resilience enhancement. 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.