History of primary-series and booster vaccination and protection against Omicron reinfection
Author | Chemaitelly, Hiam |
Author | Ayoub, Houssein H. |
Author | Tang, Patrick |
Author | Coyle, Peter V. |
Author | Yassine, Hadi M. |
Author | Al Thani, Asmaa A. |
Author | Al-Khatib, Hebah A. |
Author | Hasan, Mohammad R. |
Author | Al-Kanaani, Zaina |
Author | Al-Kuwari, Einas |
Author | Jeremijenko, Andrew |
Author | Kaleeckal, Anvar Hassan |
Author | Latif, Ali Nizar |
Author | Shaik, Riyazuddin Mohammad |
Author | Abdul-Rahim, Hanan F. |
Author | Nasrallah, Gheyath K. |
Author | Al-Kuwari, Mohamed Ghaith |
Author | Butt, Adeel A. |
Author | Al-Romaihi, Hamad Eid |
Author | Al-Thani, Mohamed H. |
Author | Al-Khal, Abdullatif |
Author | Bertollini, Roberto |
Author | Abu-Raddad, Laith J. |
Available date | 2023-11-06T04:58:45Z |
Publication Date | 2023-10-06 |
Publication Name | Science advances |
Identifier | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adh0761 |
Citation | Hiam Chemaitelly et al. ,History of primary-series and booster vaccination and protection against Omicron reinfection.Sci. Adv.9,eadh0761(2023).DOI:10.1126/sciadv.adh0761 |
Abstract | Laboratory evidence suggests a possibility of immune imprinting for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We investigated the differences in the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in a cohort of persons who had a primary Omicron infection, but different vaccination histories using matched, national, retrospective, cohort studies. Adjusted hazard ratio for reinfection incidence, factoring adjustment for differences in testing rate, was 0.43 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.39 to 0.49] comparing history of two-dose vaccination to no vaccination, 1.47 (95% CI: 1.23 to 1.76) comparing history of three-dose vaccination to two-dose vaccination, and 0.57 (95% CI: 0.48 to 0.68) comparing history of three-dose vaccination to no vaccination. Divergence in cumulative incidence curves increased markedly when the incidence was dominated by BA.4/BA.5 and BA.2.75* Omicron subvariants. The history of primary-series vaccination enhanced immune protection against Omicron reinfection, but history of booster vaccination compromised protection against Omicron reinfection. These findings do not undermine the public health utility of booster vaccination. |
Sponsor | This work was supported by the Biomedical Research Program and the Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Biomathematics Research Core, both at Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Ministry of Public Health, Hamad Medical Corporation, and Sidra Medicine; Qatar Genome Programme; and Qatar University Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University collaborative grant QUCG-CAS-23/24-114. |
Language | en |
Publisher | American Association for the Advancement of Science |
Subject | vaccination protection Omicron reinfection |
Type | Article |
Issue Number | 40 |
Volume Number | 9 |
ESSN | 2375-2548 |
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