Association of Serum Vitamin D level and COVID-19 infection: A Case-control Study
Author | AlYafei, Najat Abdrabbo |
Author | Jaleel, Bushra Naaz Fathima |
Author | Abdel-Salam, Abdel-Salam G. |
Author | Al-Saadi, Hamda Ali |
Author | Al Abdulla, Samya Ahmad |
Available date | 2023-11-29T10:06:03Z |
Publication Date | 2022 |
Publication Name | Qatar Medical Journal |
Resource | Scopus |
ISSN | 2538253 |
Abstract | Background: Vitamin D is considered a potent modulator of the immune system, albeit its role in COVID-19 infection is a matter of debate. The present study aimed to estimate the association between serum vitamin D levels and COVID-19 among people in Qatar. Methods: This case-control study, approved by the Institutional Review Board of Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC) Qatar, retrospectively evaluated the principal public healthcare sector population data repository retrieved from the cloud-based Electronic Health Record (EHR) software-Cerner, during April 2020 - 2021. The health records of all adult patients aged . 18 years who had undergone the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test and whose medical records had documented serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH)D] levels were analyzed. Results: A total of 924,173 EHRs were extracted, of which 62,451 EHR comprised of 16,446 (26.3%) COVID-19 patients and 46,005 (73.7%) negative-control group patients met the inclusion criteria. The odds ratio (OR) among different categories of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) revealed that people with mild/ moderate VDD were 1.18 times (95% CI 1.126 - 1.258) and those with severe VDD were 1.90 times (95% CI 1.116 - 1.251) more likely to have COVID-19 infection when compared to the people with optimal serum vitamin D level. On applying multiple logistic regression, the odds of having COVID-19 infection were found to be 1.27 times (95% CI 1.184 - 1.371) higher among those with mild/moderate VDD and 1.32 times (95% CI 1.206 - 1.405) higher among those with severe VDD when compared to people with optimal vitamin D level (p, 0.001). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated a significant association between the suboptimal serum vitamin D level and COVID-19 infection. Further studies are required to determine the effects of VDD on the severity and outcomes of COVID-19 infections. |
Language | en |
Publisher | HBKU Press |
Subject | COVID-19 Qatar RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 Serum 25(OH)D Vitamin D Deficiency |
Type | Article |
Issue Number | 4 |
Volume Number | 2022 |
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COVID-19 Research [809 items ]
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Mathematics, Statistics & Physics [726 items ]