Show simple item record

AuthorRomdhani, Mohamed
AuthorFullagar, Hugh H.K.
AuthorVitale, Jacopo A.
AuthorNédélec, Mathieu
AuthorRae, Dale E.
AuthorAmmar, Achraf
AuthorChtourou, Hamdi
AuthorAl Horani, Ramzi A.
AuthorBen Saad, Helmi
AuthorBragazzi, Nicola Luigi
AuthorDönmez, Gürhan
AuthorDergaa, Ismail
AuthorDriss, Tarak
AuthorFarooq, Abdulaziz
AuthorHammouda, Omar
AuthorHarroum, Nesrine
AuthorHassanmirzaei, Bahar
AuthorKhalladi, Karim
AuthorKhemila, Syrine
AuthorMataruna-Dos-Santos, Leonardo Jose
AuthorMoussa-Chamari, Imen
AuthorMujika, Iñigo
AuthorMuñoz Helú, Hussein
AuthorNorouzi Fashkhami, Amin
AuthorPaineiras-Domingos, Laisa Liane
AuthorKhaneghah, Mehrshad Rahbari
AuthorSaita, Yoshitomo
AuthorSouissi, Nizar
AuthorTrabelsi, Khaled
AuthorWashif, Jad Adrian
AuthorWeber, Johanna
AuthorZmijewski, Piotr
AuthorTaylor, Lee
AuthorGarbarino, Sergio
AuthorChamari, Karim
Available date2023-12-13T11:40:45Z
Publication Date2022-06-15
Publication NameFrontiers in Physiology
Identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.904778
CitationRomdhani, M., Fullagar, H. H., Vitale, J. A., Nédélec, M., Rae, D. E., Ammar, A., ... & Chamari, K. (2022). Lockdown duration and training intensity affect sleep behavior in an international sample of 1,454 elite athletes. Frontiers in physiology, 13, 904778.
ISSN1664-042X
URIhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85133550588&origin=inward
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10576/50387
AbstractObjective: To investigate the effect of 1) lockdown duration and 2) training intensity on sleep quality and insomnia symptoms in elite athletes. Methods: 1,454 elite athletes (24.1 ± 6.7 years; 42% female; 41% individual sports) from 40 countries answered a retrospective, cross-sectional, web-based questionnaire relating to their behavioral habits pre- and during- COVID-19 lockdown, including: 1) Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI); 2) Insomnia severity index (ISI); bespoke questions about 3) napping; and 4) training behaviors. The association between dependent (PSQI and ISI) and independent variables (sleep, napping and training behaviors) was determined with multiple regression and is reported as semi-partial correlation coefficient squared (in percentage). Results: 15% of the sample spent < 1 month, 27% spent 1–2 months and 58% spent > 2 months in lockdown. 29% self-reported maintaining the same training intensity during-lockdown whilst 71% reduced training intensity. PSQI (4.1 ± 2.4 to 5.8 ± 3.1; mean difference (MD): 1.7; 95% confidence interval of the difference (95% CI): 1.6–1.9) and ISI (5.1 ± 4.7 to 7.7 ± 6.4; MD: 2.6; 95% CI: 2.3–2.9) scores were higher during-compared to pre-lockdown, associated (all p < 0.001) with longer sleep onset latency (PSQI: 28%; ISI: 23%), later bedtime (PSQI: 13%; ISI: 14%) and later preferred time of day to train (PSQI: 9%; ISI: 5%) during-lockdown. Those who reduced training intensity during-lockdown showed higher PSQI (p < 0.001; MD: 1.25; 95% CI: 0.87–1.63) and ISI (p < 0.001; MD: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.72–3.27) scores compared to those who maintained training intensity. Although PSQI score was not affected by the lockdown duration, ISI score was higher in athletes who spent > 2 months confined compared to those who spent < 1 month (p < 0.001; MD: 1.28; 95% CI: 0.26–2.3). Conclusion: Reducing training intensity during the COVID-19-induced lockdown was associated with lower sleep quality and higher insomnia severity in elite athletes. Lockdown duration had further disrupting effects on elite athletes’ sleep behavior. These findings could be of relevance in future lockdown or lockdown-like situations (e.g., prolonged illness, injury, and quarantine after international travel).
SponsorOpen Access funding is provided by the University of Genoa, Italy.
Languageen
PublisherFrontiers Media S.A.
Subjecthighly-trained athletes
home-confinement duration
pandemic (COVID-19)
sleep disturbance
training load
TitleLockdown Duration and Training Intensity Affect Sleep Behavior in an International Sample of 1,454 Elite Athletes
TypeArticle
Volume Number13
dc.accessType Open Access


Files in this item

Thumbnail

This item appears in the following Collection(s)

Show simple item record