Exploring the stability of HEXACO-60 structure and the association of gender, age, and social position with personality traits across 18 countries
Author | García, Luis F. |
Author | Aluja, Anton |
Author | Rossier, Jérôme |
Author | Ostendorf, Fritz |
Author | Glicksohn, Joseph |
Author | Oumar, Barry |
Author | Bellaj, Tarek |
Author | Ruch, Willibald |
Author | Wang, Wei |
Author | Kövi, Zsuzsanna |
Author | Ścigała, Dawid |
Author | Čekrlija, Đorđe |
Author | Stivers, Adam W. |
Author | Di Blas, Lisa |
Author | Valdivia, Mauricio |
Author | Ben Jemaa, Sonia |
Author | Atitsogbe, Kokou A. |
Author | Hansenne, Michel |
Available date | 2024-02-08T13:51:45Z |
Publication Date | 2022-04-01 |
Publication Name | Journal of Personality |
Identifier | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12664 |
Citation | García, L. F., Aluja, A., Rossier, J., Ostendorf, F., Glicksohn, J., Oumar, B., ... & Hansenne, M. (2022). Exploring the stability of HEXACO‐60 structure and the association of gender, age, and social position with personality traits across 18 countries. Journal of Personality, 90(2), 256-276. |
ISSN | 00223506 |
Abstract | Objectives: The present paper tests the cross-national stability of the HEXACO-60 structure across 18 countries from four continents. Gender and age differences across countries will be examined. Finally, this is the first study to explicitly analyze the relationships between the HEXACO and social position. Method: Ten thousand two hundred and ninety eight subjects (5,410 women and 4,888 men) from 18 countries and 13 languages were analyzed. Confirmatory factor analysis techniques were used to test configural, metric and scalar invariance models. Congruence coefficients with the original structure of the HEXACO-60 were computed for every culture. Effect sizes of gender, age, and social position factors across countries were also computed. Results: HEXACO-60 demonstrates configural and metric invariance, but not scalar invariance. Congruence coefficients show a great equivalence in almost all countries and factors. Only Emotionality presents a large gender difference across countries. No relevant effect of age is observed. A profile of high scores on Honesty-Humility, Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience, and low scores on Emotionality increases the likelihood of achieving a higher social position, although the effect sizes are small. Conclusions: HEXACO-60 is a useful instrument to conduct personality trait research and practice around the world. Implications of gender, social position, and country differences are discussed. |
Sponsor | We would like to thank Michael C. Ashton and Kibeom Lee, authors of the HEXACO-60, who reviewed the manuscript and provided criticism and suggestions that have improved the study. We also acknowledge the insightful comments made by the editor and three anonymous reviewers. The research did not preregister in an independent, institutional registry. |
Language | en |
Publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc |
Subject | cross-national stability gender differences HEXACO-60 measurement invariance social position |
Type | Article |
Pagination | 256-276 |
Issue Number | 2 |
Volume Number | 90 |
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