Specific bioactive compounds in ginger and apple alleviate hyperglycemia in mice with high fat diet-induced obesity via Nrf2 mediated pathway
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Date
2017-01-16Metadata
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Prolonged hyperglycemia activates the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). Major
dicarbonyl compounds such as methylglyoxal or glyoxal are found to be the main precursors of AGEs
and N(e)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) found to be predominantly higher in the diabetic population.
We hypothesized that phloretin from apple and [6]-gingerol from ginger inhibit formation of AGEs and
suppress the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) via nuclear factor erythroid-2-
related-factor-2 (Nrf2)-dependent pathway. Phloretin and [6]-gingerol were supplemented at two different
doses to C57BL/6 mice on high fat diet or standard diet for a period of 17 weeks. Phloretin or [6]-
gingerol supplementation significantly reduced plasma glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate
aminotransferase, AGEs and insulin levels. Phloretin and [6]-gingerol also decreased the levels of AGEs
and CML levels, via Nrf2 pathway, enhancing GSH/GSSG ratio, heme oxygenase-1 and glyoxalase 1 in liver
tissue. These results suggest that phloretin and [6]-gingerol are potential dietary compounds that can
alleviate diabetes-induced complications.
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