Mapping Europe renewable energy landscape: Insights into solar, wind, hydro, and green hydrogen production

Abstract

The study offers an in-depth examination of the capabilities and output of renewable energy sources, specifically focusing on solar, wind, hydroelectric, and green hydrogen technologies, within 27 countries of the European Union (EU) and the United Kingdom (UK). The outcomes reveal significant strides in renewable energy production, with countries such as Austria, Belgium, and Germany leading in their respective sectors. Germany emerges as a frontrunner, with the highest total renewable energy production. The study also highlights the pivotal role of green hydrogen as an alternative fuel source, with Germany and France showcasing considerable production capacities. The relationship between electricity consumption and renewable energy potential indicates a trend towards countries with high energy demands leading the shift to renewable energy. Regional analysis uncovers areas such as Northern Sweden, Germany, and France as potential hubs for green electricity production due to their abundant renewable resources. The analysis identifies areas that have either an excess or shortage of renewable energy resources, highlighting the critical need for equilibrium between supply and demand. It emphasizes the advancements made by the EU and UK in shifting towards renewable energy sources and stresses the ongoing need for dedication to achieving sustainability objectives in energy.