Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
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2024-04-17Author
Alize J, FerrariSantomauro, Damian Francesco
Aali, Amirali
Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis
Abbafati, Cristiana
Abbastabar, Hedayat
Abd ElHafeez, Samar
Abdelmasseh, Michael
Abd-Elsalam, Sherief
Abdollahi, Arash
Abdullahi, Auwal
Abegaz, Kedir Hussein
Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel
Aboagye, Richard Gyan
Abolhassani, Hassan
Abreu, Lucas Guimarães
Abualruz, Hasan
Abu-Gharbieh, Eman
Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME
Ackerman, Ilana N
Addo, Isaac Yeboah
Addolorato, Giovanni
Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi
Adepoju, Abiola Victor
Adewuyi, Habeeb Omoponle
Afyouni, Shadi
Afzal, Saira
Afzal, Sina
Agodi, Antonella
Ahmad, Aqeel
Ahmad, Danish
Ahmad, Firdos
Ahmad, Shahzaib
Ahmed, Ali
Ahmed, Luai A
Ahmed, Muktar Beshir
Ajami, Marjan
Akinosoglou, Karolina
Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed
Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz
Alalalmeh, Samer O
Al-Aly, Ziyad
Albashtawy, Mohammed
Aldridge, Robert W
Alemu, Meseret Desalegn
Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta
Alene, Kefyalew Addis
Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed
Alharrasi, Maryam
Alhassan, Robert Kaba
Ali, Mohammed Usman
Ali, Rafat
Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait
Alif, Sheikh Mohammad
Aljunid, Syed Mohamed
Al-Marwani, Sabah
Almazan, Joseph Uy
Alomari, Mahmoud A
Al-Omari, Basem
Altaany, Zaid
Alvis-Guzman, Nelson
Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J
Alwafi, Hassan
Al-Wardat, Mohammad Sami
Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed
Aly, Safwat
Alzoubi, Karem H
Amare, Azmeraw T
Amegbor, Prince M
Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena
Amin, Tarek Tawfik
Amindarolzarbi, Alireza
Amiri, Sohrab
Amugsi, Dickson A
Ancuceanu, Robert
Anderlini, Deanna
Anderson, David B
Andrade, Pedro Prata
Andrei, Catalina Liliana
Ansari, Hossein
Antony, Catherine M
Anwar, Saleha
Anwar, Sumadi Lukman
Anwer, Razique
Anyanwu, Philip Emeka
Arab, Juan Pablo
Arabloo, Jalal
Arafat, Mosab
Araki, Daniel T
Aravkin, Aleksandr Y
Arkew, Mesay
Armocida, Benedetta
Arndt, Michael Benjamin
Arooj, Mahwish
Artamonov, Anton A
Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo
Arumugam, Ashokan
Ashbaugh, Charlie
Ashemo, Mubarek Yesse
Ashraf, Muhammad
Asika, Marvellous O
Askari, Elaheh
Astell-Burt, Thomas
Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin
Atorkey, Prince
Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi
Atreya, Alok
Aujayeb, Avinash
Ausloos, Marcel
Avan, Abolfazl
Awotidebe, Adedapo Wasiu
Awuviry-Newton, Kofi
Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina
Ayuso-Mateos, Jose L
Azadnajafabad, Sina
Azevedo, Rui M S
Babu, Abraham Samuel
Badar, Muhammad
Badiye, Ashish D
Baghdadi, Soroush
Bagheri, Nasser
Bah, Sulaiman
Bai, Ruhai
Baker, Jennifer L
Bakkannavar, Shankar M
Bako, Abdulaziz T
Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar
Bam, Kiran
Banik, Palash Chandra
Barchitta, Martina
Bardhan, Mainak
Bardideh, Erfan
Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn
Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat
Barrow, Amadou
Barteit, Sandra
Barua, Lingkan
Bashiri Aliabadi, Somaye
Basiru, Afisu
Basu, Sanjay
Basu, Saurav
Bathini, Prapthi Persis
Batra, Kavita
Baune, Bernhard T
Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew
Behnam, Babak
Behnoush, Amir Hossein
Beiranvand, Maryam
Bejarano Ramirez, Diana Fernanda
Bell, Michelle L
Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja
Beloukas, Apostolos
Bensenor, Isabela M
Berezvai, Zombor
Bernabe, Eduardo
Bernstein, Robert S
Bettencourt, Paulo J G
Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth
Bhala, Neeraj
Bhandari, Dinesh
Bhargava, Ashish
Bhaskar, Sonu
Bhat, Vivek
Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur
Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh
Bhatti, Manpreet S
Bhatti, Rajbir
Bhutta, Zulfiqar A
Bikbov, Boris
Bishai, Jessica Devin
Bisignano, Catherine
Bitra, Veera R
Bjørge, Tone
Bodolica, Virginia
Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan
Bogale, Eyob Ketema
Bonakdar Hashemi, Milad
Bonny, Aime
Bora Basara, Berrak
Borhany, Hamed
Boxe, Christopher
Brady, Oliver J
Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi
Braithwaite, Dejana
Brant, Luisa C
Brauer, Michael
Breitner, Susanne
Brenner, Hermann
Brown, Julie
Brugha, Traolach
Bulamu, Norma B
Buonsenso, Danilo
Burkart, Katrin
Burns, Richard A
Busse, Reinhard
Bustanji, Yasser
Butt, Zahid A
Byun, Justin
Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano
Calina, Daniela
Cámera, Luis Alberto
Campos-Nonato, Ismael R
Cao, Chao
Capodici, Angelo
Carr, Sinclair
Carreras, Giulia
Carugno, Andrea
Carvalho, Márcia
Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio
Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A
Castelpietra, Giulio
Catapano, Alberico L
Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia
Caye, Arthur
Cegolon, Luca
Cembranel, Francieli
Cenderadewi, Muthia
Cerin, Ester
Chakraborty, Promit Ananyo
Chan, Jeffrey Shi Kai
Chan, Raymond N C
Chandika, Rama Mohan
Chandrasekar, Eeshwar K
Charalampous, Periklis
Chattu, Vijay Kumar
Chatzimavridou-Grigoriadou, Victoria
Chen, Angela W
Chen, An-Tian
Chen, Catherine S
Chen, Haowei
Chen, Nathalie M
Cheng, Esther T W
Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel
Chimoriya, Ritesh
Ching, Patrick R
Cho, William C S
Choi, Sungchul
Chong, Bryan
Chong, Yuen Yu
Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan
Chowdhury, Rajiv
Christensen, Steffan Wittrup McPhee
Chu, Dinh-Toi
Chukwu, Isaac Sunday
Chung, Eric
Chung, Eunice
Chutiyami, Muhammad
Claassens, Mareli M
Cogen, Rebecca M
Columbus, Alyssa
Conde, Joao
Cortesi, Paolo Angelo
Cousin, Ewerton
Criqui, Michael H
Cruz-Martins, Natália
Dadras, Omid
Dai, Siyu
Dai, Xiaochen
Dai, Zhaoli
Dalaba, Maxwell Ayindenaba
Damiani, Giovanni
Das, Jai K
Das, Saswati
Dashti, Mohsen
Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto
Davletov, Kairat
De Leo, Diego
Debele, Aklilu Tamire
Debopadhaya, Shayom
DeCleene, Nicole K
Deeba, Farah
Degenhardt, Louisa
Del Bo', Cristian
Delgado-Enciso, Ivan
Demetriades, Andreas K
Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar
Dervenis, Nikolaos
Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai
Desai, Rupak
Deuba, Keshab
Dhama, Kuldeep
Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda
Dhingra, Sameer
Dias da Silva, Diana
Diaz, Daniel
Diaz, Luis Antonio
Diaz, Michael J
Dima, Adriana
Ding, Delaney D
Dirac, M Ashworth
Do, Thao Huynh Phuong
do Prado, Camila Bruneli
Dohare, Sushil
Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva
Dong, Wanyue
Dongarwar, Deepa
D'Oria, Mario
Dorsey, E Ray
Doshmangir, Leila
Dowou, Robert Kokou
Driscoll, Tim Robert
Dsouza, Haneil Larson
Dsouza, Viola
Dube, John
Dumith, Samuel C
Duncan, Bruce B
Duraes, Andre Rodrigues
Duraisamy, Senbagam
Durojaiye, Oyewole Christopher
Dzianach, Paulina Agnieszka
Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian
Eboreime, Ejemai
Ebrahimi, Alireza
Edinur, Hisham Atan
Edvardsson, David
Eikemo, Terje Andreas
Eini, Ebrahim
Ekholuenetale, Michael
Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus
El Sayed, Iman
El Tantawi, Maha
Elbarazi, Iffat
Elemam, Noha Mousaad
ElGohary, Ghada Metwally Tawfik
Elhadi, Muhammed
Elmeligy, Omar Abdelsadek Abdou
ELNahas, Gihan
Elshaer, Mohammed
Elsohaby, Ibrahim
Engelbert Bain, Luchuo
Erkhembayar, Ryenchindorj
Eshrati, Babak
Estep, Kara
Fabin, Natalia
Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis
Falzone, Luca
Fareed, Mohammad
Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sá
Faris, MoezAlIslam Ezzat Mahmoud
Faro, Andre
Farrokhi, Pegah
Fatehizadeh, Ali
Fauk, Nelsensius Klau
Feigin, Valery L
Feng, Xiaoqi
Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad
Feroze, Abdullah Hamid
Ferreira, Nuno
Ferreira, Paulo H
Fischer, Florian
Flavel, Joanne
Flood, David
Flor, Luisa S
Foigt, Nataliya A
Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin
Force, Lisa M
Fortuna, Daniela
Foschi, Matteo
Franklin, Richard Charles
Freitas, Alberto
Fukumoto, Takeshi
Furtado, João M
Gaal, Peter Andras
Gadanya, Muktar A
Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji
Gaihre, Santosh
Galali, Yaseen
Ganbat, Mandukhai
Gandhi, Aravind P
Ganesan, Balasankar
Ganie, Mohd Ashraf
Ganiyani, Mohammad Arfat
Gardner, William M
Gebi, Tilaye Gebru
Gebregergis, Miglas W
Gebrehiwot, Mesfin
Gebremariam, Tesfay B B
Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru
Gela, Yibeltal Yismaw
Georgescu, Simona Roxana
Getachew Obsa, Abera
Gething, Peter W
Getie, Molla
Ghadiri, Keyghobad
Ghadirian, Fataneh
Ghailan, Khalid Yaser
Ghajar, Alireza
Ghasemi, MohammadReza
Ghasempour Dabaghi, Ghazal
Ghasemzadeh, Afsaneh
Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed
Gholamrezanezhad, Ali
Ghorbani, Mahsa
Ghotbi, Elena
Gibson, Ruth Margaret
Gill, Tiffany K
Ginindza, Themba G
Girmay, Alem
Glasbey, James C
Göbölös, Laszlo
Godinho, Myron Anthony
Goharinezhad, Salime
Goldust, Mohamad
Golechha, Mahaveer
Goleij, Pouya
Gona, Philimon N
Gorini, Giuseppe
Goulart, Alessandra C
Grada, Ayman
Grivna, Michal
Guan, Shi-Yang
Guarducci, Giovanni
Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen
Gudeta, Mesay Dechasa
Guha, Avirup
Guicciardi, Stefano
Gulati, Snigdha
Gulisashvili, David
Gunawardane, Damitha Asanga
Guo, Cui
Gupta, Anish Kumar
Gupta, Bhawna
Gupta, Ishita
Gupta, Mohak
Gupta, Rajeev
Gupta, Veer Bala
Gupta, Vijai Kumar
Gupta, Vivek Kumar
Gutiérrez, Reyna Alma
Habibzadeh, Farrokh
Habibzadeh, Parham
Haddadi, Rasool
Hadi, Najah R
Haep, Nils
Hafezi-Nejad, Nima
Hafiz, Abdul
Hagins, Hailey
Halboub, Esam S
Halimi, Aram
Haller, Sebastian
Halwani, Rabih
Hamilton, Erin B
Hankey, Graeme J
Hannan, Md Abdul
Haque, Md Nuruzzaman
Harapan, Harapan
Haro, Josep Maria
Hartvigsen, Jan
Hasaballah, Ahmed I
Hasan, Ikramul
Hasanian, Mohammad
Hasnain, Md Saquib
Hassan, Amr
Haubold, Johannes
Havmoeller, Rasmus J
Hay, Simon I
Hayat, Khezar
Hebert, Jeffrey J
Hegazi, Omar E
Heidari, Golnaz
Helfer, Bartosz
Hemmati, Mehdi
Hendrie, Delia
Henson, Claire A
Hezam, Kamal
Hiraike, Yuta
Hoan, Nguyen Quoc
Holla, Ramesh
Hon, Julia
Hossain, Md Mahbub
Hosseinzadeh, Hassan
Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi
Hostiuc, Mihaela
Hostiuc, Sorin
Hsu, Johnathan M
Huang, Junjie
Hugo, Fernando N
Hushmandi, Kiavash
Hussain, Javid
Hussein, Nawfal R
Huynh, Chantal K
Huynh, Hong-Han
Hwang, Bing-Fang
Iannucci, Vincent C
Ihler, Audrey L
Ikiroma, Adalia I
Ikuta, Kevin S
Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen
Ilic, Irena M
Ilic, Milena D
Imam, Mohammad Tarique
Immurana, Mustapha
Irham, Lalu Muhammad
Islam, Md Rabiul
Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
Islami, Farhad
Ismail, Faisal
Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah
Isola, Gaetano
Iwagami, Masao
Iwu, Chidozie C D
Iyer, Mahalaxmi
Jaafari, Jalil
Jacobsen, Kathryn H
Jadidi-Niaragh, Farhad
Jafarinia, Morteza
Jaggi, Khushleen
Jahankhani, Kasra
Jahanmehr, Nader
Jahrami, Haitham
Jain, Akhil
Jain, Nityanand
Jairoun, Ammar Abdulrahman
Jaiswal, Abhishek
Jakovljevic, Mihajlo
Jatau, Abubakar Ibrahim
Javadov, Sabzali
Javaheri, Tahereh
Jayapal, Sathish Kumar
Jayaram, Shubha
Jee, Sun Ha
Jeganathan, Jayakumar
Jeyakumar, Angeline
Jha, Anil K
Jiang, Heng
Jin, Yinzi
Jonas, Jost B
Joo, Tamas
Joseph, Abel
Joseph, Nitin
Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma
Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy
Jürisson, Mikk
K, Vaishali
Kaambwa, Billingsley
Kabir, Ali
Kabir, Zubair
Kadashetti, Vidya
Kalani, Rizwan
Kalankesh, Leila R
Kaliyadan, Feroze
Kalra, Sanjay
Kamenov, Kaloyan
Kamyari, Naser
Kanagasabai, Thanigaivelan
Kandel, Himal
Kanmanthareddy, Arun R
Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem
Kantar, Rami S
Karaye, Ibraheem M
Karim, Asima
Karimi, Salah Eddin
Karimi, Yeganeh
Kasraei, Hengameh
Kassel, Molly B
Kauppila, Joonas H
Kawakami, Norito
Kayode, Gbenga A
Kazemi, Foad
Kazemian, Sina
Keikavoosi-Arani, Leila
Keller, Cathleen
Kempen, John H
Kerr, Jessica A
Keshtkar, Kamyab
Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle
Keykhaei, Mohammad
Khajuria, Himanshu
Khalaji, Amirmohammad
Khalid, Asaad
Khalid, Nauman
Khalilian, Alireza
Khamesipour, Faham
Khan, Asaduzzaman
Khan, Ikramullah
Khan, Maseer
Khan, Moien AB
Khanmohammadi, Shaghayegh
Khatab, Khaled
Khatami, Fatemeh
Khatatbeh, Moawiah Mohammad
Khater, Amir M
Khayat Kashani, Hamid Reza
Khidri, Feriha Fatima
Khodadoust, Elaheh
Khormali, Moein
Khorrami, Zahra
Kifle, Zemene Demelash
Kim, Min Seo
Kimokoti, Ruth W
Kisa, Adnan
Kisa, Sezer
Knudsen, Ann Kristin Skrindo
Kocarnik, Jonathan M
Kochhar, Sonali
Koh, Hyun Yong
Kolahi, Ali-Asghar
Kompani, Farzad
Koren, Gerbrand
Korzh, Oleksii
Kosen, Soewarta
Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi
Krishan, Kewal
Krishna, Varun
Krishnamoorthy, Vijay
Kuate Defo, Barthelemy
Kuddus, Md Abdul
Kuddus, Mohammed
Kuitunen, Ilari
Kulkarni, Vishnutheertha
Kumar, Manasi
Kumar, Nithin
Kumar, Rakesh
Kurmi, Om P
Kusuma, Dian
Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe
La Vecchia, Carlo
Lacey, Ben
Ladan, Muhammad Awwal
Laflamme, Lucie
Lafranconi, Alessandra
Lahariya, Chandrakant
Lai, Daphne Teck Ching
Lal, Dharmesh Kumar
Lalloo, Ratilal
Lallukka, Tea
Lám, Judit
Lan, Qing
Lan, Tuo
Landires, Iván
Lanfranchi, Francesco
Langguth, Berthold
Laplante-Lévesque, Ariane
Larijani, Bagher
Larsson, Anders O
Lasrado, Savita
Lauriola, Paolo
Le, Huu-Hoai
Le, Long Khanh Dao
Le, Nhi Huu Hanh
Le, Trang Diep Thanh
Leasher, Janet L
Ledda, Caterina
Lee, Munjae
Lee, Paul H
Lee, Sang-woong
Lee, Seung Won
Lee, Wei-Chen
Lee, Yo Han
LeGrand, Kate E
Lenzi, Jacopo
Leong, Elvynna
Leung, Janni
Li, Ming-Chieh
Li, Wei
Li, Xiaopan
Li, Yichong
Li, Yongze
Lim, Lee-Ling
Lim, Stephen S
Lindstrom, Megan
Linn, Shai
Liu, Gang
Liu, Runben
Liu, Shiwei
Liu, Wei
Liu, Xiaofeng
Liu, Xuefeng
Llanaj, Erand
Lo, Chun-Han
López-Bueno, Rubén
Loreche, Arianna Maever
Lorenzovici, László
Lozano, Rafael
Lubinda, Jailos
Lucchetti, Giancarlo
Lunevicius, Raimundas
Lusk, Jay B
lv, hengliang
Ma, Zheng Feei
Machairas, Nikolaos
Madureira-Carvalho, Áurea M
Magaña Gómez, Javier A
Maghazachi, Azzam A
Maharjan, Preeti
Mahasha, Phetole Walter
Maheri, Mina
Mahjoub, Soleiman
Mahmoud, Mansour Adam
Mahmoudi, Elham
Majeed, Azeem
Makris, Konstantinos Christos
Malakan Rad, Elaheh
Malhotra, Kashish
Malik, Ahmad Azam
Malik, Iram
Malta, Deborah Carvalho
Manla, Yosef
Mansour, Ali
Mansouri, Pejman
Mansournia, Mohammad Ali
Mantilla Herrera, Ana M
Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni
Manu, Emmanuel
Marateb, Hamid Reza
Mardi, Parham
Martinez, Gabriel
Martinez-Piedra, Ramon
Martini, Daniela
Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio
Martorell, Miquel
Marx, Wolfgang
Maryam, Sharmeen
Marzo, Roy Rillera
Mathangasinghe, Yasith
Mathieson, Stephanie
Mathioudakis, Alexander G
Mattumpuram, Jishanth
Maugeri, Andrea
Mayeli, Mahsa
Mazidi, Mohsen
Mazzotti, Antonio
McGrath, John J
McKee, Martin
McKowen, Anna Laura W
McPhail, Michael A
Mehrabani-Zeinabad, Kamran
Mehrabi Nasab, Entezar
Mekene Meto, Tesfahun
Mendoza, Walter
Menezes, Ritesh G
Mensah, George A
Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A
Meo, Sultan Ayoub
Meresa, Haftu Asmerom
Meretoja, Atte
Meretoja, Tuomo J
Mersha, Abera M
Mestrovic, Tomislav
Mettananda, Kukulege Chamila Dinushi
Mettananda, Sachith
Michalek, Irmina Maria
Miller, Paul Anthony
Miller, Ted R
Mills, Edward J
Minh, Le Huu Nhat
Mirijello, Antonio
Mirrakhimov, Erkin M
Mirutse, Mizan Kiros
Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, Mohammad
Mirzaei, Maryam
Mirzaei, Roya
Misganaw, Awoke
Mishra, Ajay Kumar
Mitchell, Philip B
Mittal, Chaitanya
Moazen, Babak
Moberg, Madeline E
Mohamed, Jama
Mohamed, Mouhand F H
Mohamed, Nouh Saad
Mohammadi, Esmaeil
Mohammadi, Soheil
Mohammed, Hussen
Mohammed, Salahuddin
Mohammed, Shafiu
Mohr, Robin M
Mokdad, Ali H
Molinaro, Sabrina
Momtazmanesh, Sara
Monasta, Lorenzo
Mondello, Stefania
Moodi Ghalibaf, AmirAli
Moradi, Maryam
Moradi, Yousef
Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar
Moraga, Paula
Morawska, Lidia
Moreira, Rafael Silveira
Morovatdar, Negar
Morrison, Shane Douglas
Morze, Jakub
Mosapour, Abbas
Mosser, Jonathan F
Mossialos, Elias
Motappa, Rohith
Mougin, Vincent
Mouodi, Simin
Mrejen, Matías
Msherghi, Ahmed
Mubarik, Sumaira
Mueller, Ulrich Otto
Mulita, Francesk
Munjal, Kavita
Murillo-Zamora, Efrén
Murlimanju, BV
Mustafa, Ghulam
Muthu, Sathish
Muzaffar, Muhammad
Myung, Woojae
Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman
Naghavi, Pirouz
Naik, Ganesh R
Nainu, Firzan
Nair, Sanjeev
Najmuldeen, Hastyar Hama Rashid
Nangia, Vinay
Naqvi, Atta Abbas
Narayana, Aparna Ichalangod
Nargus, Shumaila
Nascimento, Gustavo G
Nashwan, Abdulqadir J
Nasrollahizadeh, Ali
Nasrollahizadeh, Amir
Natto, Zuhair S
Nayak, Biswa Prakash
Nayak, Vinod C
Nduaguba, Sabina Onyinye
Negash, Hadush
Negoi, Ionut
Negoi, Ruxandra Irina
Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria
Nesbit, Olivia D
Netsere, Henok Biresaw
Ng, Marie
Nguefack-Tsague, Georges
Ngunjiri, Josephine W
Nguyen, Dang H
Nguyen, Hien Quang
Niazi, Robina Khan
Nikolouzakis, Taxiarchis Konstantinos
Nikoobar, Ali
Nikoomanesh, Fatemeh
Nikpoor, Amin Reza
Nnaji, Chukwudi A
Nnyanzi, Lawrence Achilles
Noman, Efaq Ali
Nomura, Shuhei
Norrving, Bo
Nri-Ezedi, Chisom Adaobi
Ntaios, George
Ntsekhe, Mpiko
Nurrika, Dieta
Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe
Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet
Oancea, Bogdan
Odetokun, Ismail A
O'Donnell, Martin James
Oguntade, Ayodipupo Sikiru
Oguta, James Odhiambo
Okati-Aliabad, Hassan
Okeke, Sylvester Reuben
Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul
Okonji, Osaretin Christabel
Olagunju, Andrew T
Olasupo, Omotola O
Olatubi, Matthew Idowu
Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes
Olufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa
Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola
Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun
Omar, Hany A
Omer, Goran Latif
Omonisi, Abidemi E Emmanuel
Onie, Sandersan
Onwujekwe, Obinna E
Ordak, Michal
Orish, Verner N
Ortega-Altamirano, Doris V
Ortiz, Alberto
Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar
Osman, Wael M S
Ostroff, Samuel M
Osuagwu, Uchechukwu Levi
Otoiu, Adrian
Otstavnov, Nikita
Otstavnov, Stanislav S
Ouyahia, Amel
Ouyang, Guoqing
Owolabi, Mayowa O
P A, Mahesh Padukudru
Padron-Monedero, Alicia
Padubidri, Jagadish Rao
Palicz, Tamás
Palladino, Claudia
Pan, Feng
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Zamora, Nelson
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Zandieh, Ghazal G Z
Zar, Heather J
Zarrintan, Armin
Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich
Zhang, Haijun
Zhang, Ning
Zhang, Yunquan
Zhao, Hanqing
Zhong, Chenwen
Zhong, Panliang
Zhou, Juexiao
Zhu, Zhaohua
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Zoladl, Mohammad
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Zyoud, Samer H
Vos, Theo
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Background Detailed, comprehensive, and timely reporting on population health by underlying causes of disability and premature death is crucial to understanding and responding to complex patterns of disease and injury burden over time and across age groups, sexes, and locations. The availability of disease burden estimates can promote evidence-based interventions that enable public health researchers, policy makers, and other professionals to implement strategies that can mitigate diseases. It can also facilitate more rigorous monitoring of progress towards national and international health targets, such as the Sustainable Development Goals. For three decades, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) has filled that need. A global network of collaborators contributed to the production of GBD 2021 by providing, reviewing, and analysing all available data. GBD estimates are updated routinely with additional data and refined analytical methods. GBD 2021 presents, for the first time, estimates of health loss due to the COVID-19 pandemic. MethodsThe GBD 2021 disease and injury burden analysis estimated years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries using 100 983 data sources. Data were extracted from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, censuses, household surveys, disease-specific registries, health service contact data, and other sources. YLDs were calculated by multiplying cause-age-sex-location-year-specific prevalence of sequelae by their respective disability weights, for each disease and injury. YLLs were calculated by multiplying cause-age-sex-location-year-specific deaths by the standard life expectancy at the age that death occurred. DALYs were calculated by summing YLDs and YLLs. HALE estimates were produced using YLDs per capita and age-specific mortality rates by location, age, sex, year, and cause. 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for all final estimates as the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles values of 500 draws. Uncertainty was propagated at each step of the estimation process. Counts and age-standardised rates were calculated globally, for seven super-regions, 21 regions, 204 countries and territories (including 21 countries with subnational locations), and 811 subnational locations, from 1990 to 2021. Here we report data for 2010 to 2021 to highlight trends in disease burden over the past decade and through the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic. FindingsGlobal DALYs increased from 2·63 billion (95% UI 2·44–2·85) in 2010 to 2·88 billion (2·64–3·15) in 2021 for all causes combined. Much of this increase in the number of DALYs was due to population growth and ageing, as indicated by a decrease in global age-standardised all-cause DALY rates of 14·2% (95% UI 10·7–17·3) between 2010 and 2019. Notably, however, this decrease in rates reversed during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, with increases in global age-standardised all-cause DALY rates since 2019 of 4·1% (1·8–6·3) in 2020 and 7·2% (4·7–10·0) in 2021. In 2021, COVID-19 was the leading cause of DALYs globally (212·0 million [198·0–234·5] DALYs), followed by ischaemic heart disease (188·3 million [176·7–198·3]), neonatal disorders (186·3 million [162·3–214·9]), and stroke (160·4 million [148·0–171·7]). However, notable health gains were seen among other leading communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional (CMNN) diseases. Globally between 2010 and 2021, the age-standardised DALY rates for HIV/AIDS decreased by 47·8% (43·3–51·7) and for diarrhoeal diseases decreased by 47·0% (39·9–52·9). Non-communicable diseases contributed 1·73 billion (95% UI 1·54–1·94) DALYs in 2021, with a decrease in age-standardised DALY rates since 2010 of 6·4% (95% UI 3·5–9·5). Between 2010 and 2021, among the 25 leading Level 3 causes, age-standardised DALY rates increased most substantially for anxiety disorders (16·7% [14·0–19·8]), depressive disorders (16·4% [11·9–21·3]), and diabetes (14·0% [10·0–17·4]). Age-standardised DALY rates due to injuries decreased globally by 24·0% (20·7–27·2) between 2010 and 2021, although improvements were not uniform across locations, ages, and sexes. Globally, HALE at birth improved slightly, from 61·3 years (58·6–63·6) in 2010 to 62·2 years (59·4–64·7) in 2021. However, despite this overall increase, HALE decreased by 2·2% (1·6–2·9) between 2019 and 2021. InterpretationPutting the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of causes of health loss is crucial to understanding its impact and ensuring that health funding and policy address needs at both local and global levels through cost-effective and evidence-based interventions. A global epidemiological transition remains underway. Our findings suggest that prioritising non-communicable disease prevention and treatment policies, as well as strengthening health systems, continues to be crucially important. The progress on reducing the burden of CMNN diseases must not stall; although global trends are improving, the burden of CMNN diseases remains unacceptably high. Evidence-based interventions will help save the lives of young children and mothers and improve the overall health and economic conditions of societies across the world. Governments and multilateral organisations should prioritise pandemic preparedness planning alongside efforts to reduce the burden of diseases and injuries that will strain resources in the coming decades. FundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Cogen, Rebecca M; Cohen, Aaron J; Columbus, Alyssa; Comfort, Haley; Conde, Joao; Connolly, Jon T; Cooper, Ezra E K; Cortese, Samuele; Cruz-Martins, Natália; da Silva, Alanna Gomes; Dadras, Omid; Dai, Xiaochen; Dai, Zhaoli; Dalton, Bronte E; Damiani, Giovanni; Dandona, Lalit; Dandona, Rakhi; Das, Jai K; Das, Saswati; Das, Subasish; Dash, Nihar Ranjan; Davletov, Kairat; De la Hoz, Fernando Pio; De Leo, Diego; Debopadhaya, Shayom; Delgado-Enciso, Ivan; Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar; Dervenis, Nikolaos; Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai; Devanbu, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan; Dewan, Syed Masudur Rahman; Dhama, Kuldeep; Dhane, Amol S; Dhingra, Sameer; Dias da Silva, Diana; Diaz, Daniel; Diaz, Luis Antonio; Diaz, Michael J; Dima, Adriana; Ding, Delaney D; Do, Thao Huynh Phuong; do Prado, Camila Bruneli; Dodangeh, Masoud; Dodangeh, Milad; Doegah, Phidelia Theresa; Dohare, Sushil; Dong, Wanyue; D'Oria, Mario; Doshi, Rajkumar; Dowou, Robert Kokou; Dsouza, Haneil Larson; Dsouza, Viola; Dube, John; Dumith, Samuel C; Duncan, Bruce B; Duraes, Andre Rodrigues; Duraisamy, Senbagam; Durojaiye, Oyewole Christopher; Dushpanova, Anar; Dutta, Sulagna; Dzianach, Paulina Agnieszka; Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian; Eboreime, Ejemai; Ebrahimi, Alireza; Ebrahimi Kalan, Mohammad; Edinur, Hisham Atan; Efendi, Ferry; Eikemo, Terje Andreas; Eini, Ebrahim; Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus; El Arab, Rabie Adel; El Sayed, Iman; Elamin, Osman; Elemam, Noha Mousaad; ElGohary, Ghada Metwally Tawfik; Elhadi, Muhammed; Elmeligy, Omar Abdelsadek Abdou; Elmoselhi, Adel B; Elshaer, Mohammed; Elsohaby, Ibrahim; Eltahir, Mohd. Elmagzoub; Emeto, Theophilus I; Eshrati, Babak; Eslami, Majid; Esmaeili, Zahra; Fabin, Natalia; Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis; Fagbule, Omotayo Francis; Falzone, Luca; Fareed, Mohammad; Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sá; Faris, MoezAlIslam Ezzat Mahmoud; Faro, Andre; Fasihi, Kiana; Fatehizadeh, Ali; Fauk, Nelsensius Klau; Fazylov, Timur; Feigin, Valery L; Fekadu, Ginenus; Feng, Xiaoqi; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad; Ferrara, Pietro; Ferreira, Nuno; Firew, Belete Sewasew; Fischer, Florian; Fitriana, Ida; Flavel, Joanne; Flor, Luisa S; Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin; Foley, Kristen Marie; Fonzo, Marco; Force, Lisa M; Foschi, Matteo; Freitas, Alberto; Fridayani, Ni Kadek Yuni; Fukutaki, Kai Glenn; Furtado, João M; Fux, Blima; Gaal, Peter Andras; Gadanya, Muktar A; Gallus, Silvano; Ganesan, Balasankar; Ganiyani, Mohammad Arfat; Gautam, Rupesh K; Gebi, Tilaye Gebru; Gebregergis, Miglas W; Gebrehiwot, Mesfin; Getacher, Lemma; Getahun, Genanew K A; Gething, Peter W; Ghadimi, Delaram J; Ghadirian, Fataneh; Ghafarian, Sadegh; Ghailan, Khalid Yaser; Ghasemi, MohammadReza; Ghasempour Dabaghi, Ghazal; Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed; Ghoba, Sama; Gholami, Ehsan; Gholamrezanezhad, Ali; Gholizadeh, Nasim; Ghorbani, Mahsa; Ghorbani Vajargah, Pooyan; Ghotbi, Elena; Gil, Artyom Urievich; Gill, Tiffany K; Girmay, Alem; Glasbey, James C; Glushkova, Ekaterina Vladimirovna; Gnedovskaya, Elena V; Göbölös, Laszlo; Goldust, Mohamad; Goleij, Pouya; Golinelli, Davide; Gopalani, Sameer Vali; Goulart, Alessandra C; Gouravani, Mahdi; Goyal, Anmol; Grivna, Michal; Grosso, Giuseppe; Guarducci, Giovanni; Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen; Guicciardi, Stefano; Guimarães, Rafael Alves; Gulati, Snigdha; Gulisashvili, David; Gunawardane, Damitha Asanga; Guo, Cui; Gupta, Anish Kumar; Gupta, Rahul; Gupta, Rajeev; Gupta, Renu; Gupta, Sapna; Gupta, Vijai Kumar; Haakenstad, Annie; Hadi, Najah R; Haep, Nils; Hafiz, Abdul; Haghmorad, Dariush; Haile, Demewoz; Hajj Ali, Adel; Hajj Ali, Ali; Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin; Halboub, Esam S; Haller, Sebastian; Halwani, Rabih; Hamagharib Abdullah, Kanaan; Hamdy, Nadia M; Hamoudi, Rifat; Hanifi, Nasrin; Hankey, Graeme J; Haq, Zaim Anan; Haque, Md Rabiul; Harapan, Harapan; Hargono, Arief; Haro, Josep Maria; Hasaballah, Ahmed I; Hasan, S. M. Mahmudul; Hasanian, Mohammad; Hasnain, Md Saquib; Hassan, Amr; Haubold, Johannes; Hay, Simon I; Hebert, Jeffrey J; Hegazi, Omar E; Heidari, Mohammad; Hemmati, Mehdi; Henson, Claire A; Herrera-Serna, Brenda Yuliana; Herteliu, Claudiu; Heydari, Majid; Hezam, Kamal; Hidayana, Irma; Hiraike, Yuta; Hoan, Nguyen Quoc; Holla, Ramesh; Hoogar, Praveen; Horita, Nobuyuki; Hossain, Md Mahbub; Hosseinzadeh, Hassan; Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi; Hostiuc, Mihaela; Hostiuc, Sorin; Hu, Chengxi; Huang, Junjie; Hultström, Michael; Hundie, Tsegaye Gebreyes; Hunt, Aliza J; Hushmandi, Kiavash; Hussain, Javid; Hussain, M. Azhar; Hussein, Nawfal R; Huynh, Hong-Han; Hwang, Bing-Fang; Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel; Iftikhar, Pulwasha Maria; Ikiroma, Adalia I; Ikwegbue, Paul Chukwudi; Ilic, Irena M; Ilic, Milena D; Immurana, Mustapha; Isa, Mustafa Alhaji; Islam, Md. Rabiul; Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful; Ismail, Faisal; Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah; Isola, Gaetano; Iwagami, Masao; Iyamu, Ihoghosa Osamuyi; Jacob, Louis; Jacobsen, Kathryn H; Jafarinia, Morteza; Jahankhani, Kasra; Jahanmehr, Nader; Jain, Nityanand; Jairoun, Ammar Abdulrahman; Jakhmola Mani, Dr Ruchi; Jamil, Safayet; Jamora, Roland Dominic G; Jatau, Abubakar Ibrahim; Javadov, Sabzali; Javaheri, Tahereh; Jayaram, Shubha; Jee, Sun Ha; Jeganathan, Jayakumar; Jiang, Heng; Jokar, Mohammad; Jonas, Jost B; Joseph, Nitin; Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma; Jürisson, Mikk; K, Vaishali; Kabir, Ali; Kabir, Zubair; Kadashetti, Vidya; Kalankesh, Laleh R; Kalra, Sanjay; Kamath, Ashwin; Kamath, Rajesh; Kamireddy, Arun; Kanaan, Mona; Kanchan, Tanuj; Kanmiki, Edmund Wedam; Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem; Kansal, Sushil Kumar; Karim, Asima; Karkhah, Samad; Kashoo, Faizan Zaffar; Kasraei, Hengameh; Kassel, Molly B; Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal; Kauppila, Joonas H; Kaur, Harkiran; Kayode, Gbenga A; Kazemi, Foad; Kazemian, Sina; Kebede, Fassikaw; Kendal, Evie Shoshannah; Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle; Khademvatan, Shahram; Khajuria, Himanshu; Khalaji, Amirmohammad; Khalid, Asaad; Khalid, Nauman; Khalilian, Alireza; Khamesipour, Faham; Khan, Fayaz; Khan, Mohammad Jobair; Khan, Moien AB; Khanmohammadi, Shaghayegh; Khatab, Khaled; Khatatbeh, Haitham; Khatatbeh, Moawiah Mohammad; Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli; Khayat Kashani, Hamid Reza; Kheirallah, Khalid A; Khokhar, Manoj; Khormali, Moein; Khorrami, Zahra; Khosla, Atulya Aman; Khosravi, Majid; Khosrowjerdi, Mahmood; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Kifle, Zemene Demelash; Kim, Grace; Kim, Julie Sojin; Kim, Min Seo; Kim, Yun Jin; Kimokoti, Ruth W; Kisa, Adnan; Kisa, Sezer; Knibbs, Luke D; Knudsen, Ann Kristin Skrindo; Kochhar, Sonali; Kolahi, Ali-Asghar; Kompani, Farzad; Koren, Gerbrand; Korzh, Oleksii; Krishan, Kewal; Krishna, Varun; Krishnamoorthy, Vijay; Kucuk Bicer, Burcu; Kuddus, Md Abdul; Kuddus, Mohammed; Kuitunen, Ilari; Kujan, Omar; Kulimbet, Mukhtar; Kulkarni, Vishnutheertha; Kumar, G Anil; Kumar, Harish; Kumar, Nithin; Kumar, Rakesh; Kumar, Vijay; Kundu, Amartya; Kusuma, Dian; Kyei-Arthur, Frank; Kytö, Ville; Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe; La Vecchia, Carlo; Lacey, Ben; Ladan, Muhammad Awwal; Laflamme, Lucie; Lahariya, Chandrakant; Lai, Daphne Teck Ching; Lalloo, Ratilal; Lallukka, Tea; Lám, Judit; Lan, Qing; Lan, Tuo; Landires, Iván; Lanfranchi, Francesco; Langguth, Berthold; Lansingh, Van Charles; Laplante-Lévesque, Ariane; Larijani, Bagher; Larsson, Anders O; Lasrado, Savita; Lauriola, Paolo; Lawlor, Hilary R; Le, Huu-Hoai; Le, Long Khanh Dao; Le, Nhi Huu Hanh; Le, Thao Thi Thu; Le, Trang Diep Thanh; Leasher, Janet L; Lee, Doo Woong; Lee, Munjae; Lee, Paul H; Lee, Sang-woong; Lee, Seung Won; Lee, Shaun Wen Huey; Lee, Yo Han; Leigh, James; Leong, Elvynna; Li, Ming-Chieh; Libra, Massimo; Ligade, Virendra S; Lim, Lee-Ling; Lim, Stephen S; Limenh, Liknaw Workie; Lindholm, Daniel; Lindstedt, Paulina A; Listl, Stefan; Liu, Gang; Liu, Shiwei; Liu, Shuke; Liu, Xiaofeng; Liu, Xuefeng; Llanaj, Erand; López-Bueno, Rubén; López-Gil, José Francisco; Loreche, Arianna Maever; Lotufo, Paulo A; Lozano, Rafael; Lubinda, Jailos; Lucchetti, Giancarlo; Luo, Lisha; Lusk, Jay B; Lv, Lei; M Amin, Hawraz Ibrahim; Ma, Zheng Feei; Maass, Kelsey Lynn; Machairas, Nikolaos; Machoy, Monika; Madureira-Carvalho, Áurea M; Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan; Maghazachi, Azzam A; Mahadeshwara Prasad, D.R.; Mahalleh, Mehrdad; Mahasha, Phetole Walter; Mahmoud, Mansour Adam; Mahmoudi, Elham; Mahmoudvand, Golnaz; Makama, Maureen; Malakan Rad, Elaheh; Malhotra, Kashish; Malik, Ahmad Azam; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Manla, Yosef; Mansour, Ali; Mansouri, Mohammad Hadi; Mansouri, Pejman; Mansouri, Vahid; Mansourian, Marjan; Mansournia, Mohammad Ali; Marasini, Bishnu P; Marateb, Hamid Reza; Maravilla, Joemer C; Mardi, Parham; Marjani, Abdoljalal; Markazi Moghadam, Hamed; Marrugo Arnedo, Carlos Alberto; Martinez, Gabriel; Martinez-Piedra, Ramon; Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio; Martorell, Miquel; Marx, Wolfgang; Marzo, Roy Rillera; Masoudi, Sahar; Mathangasinghe, Yasith; Mathioudakis, Alexander G; Mathur, Medha; Mathur, Navgeet; Mathur, Neeta; Matozinhos, Fernanda Penido; Mattumpuram, Jishanth; Maude, Richard James; Maugeri, Andrea; Mayeli, Mahsa; Mazidi, Mohsen; Mazzotti, Antonio; McGrath, John J; McKee, Martin; McKowen, Anna Laura W; McPhail, Michael A; McPhail, Steven M; Mehmood, Asim; Mehrabani-Zeinabad, Kamran; Mehravar, Sepideh; Mekene Meto, Tesfahun; Melese, Endalkachew Belayneh; Mendez-Lopez, Max Alberto Mendez; Mendoza, Walter; Menezes, Ritesh G; Mensah, George A; Mensah, Laverne G; Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A; Meo, Sultan Ayoub; Meretoja, Atte; Meretoja, Tuomo J; Mersha, Abera M; Mestrovic, Tomislav; Mettananda, Kukulege Chamila Dinushi; Mettananda, Sachith; Mhlanga, Adquate; Mhlanga, Laurette; Miazgowski, Tomasz; Michalek, Irmina Maria; Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Ana Carolina; Miller, Ted R; Minh, Le Huu Nhat; Mirahmadi, Alireza; Mirijello, Antonio; Mirrakhimov, Erkin M; Mirzaei, Roya; Mitchell, Philip B; Mittal, Chaitanya; Moberg, Madeline E; Moghadam Fard, Atousa; Mohajelin, Seyedehfatemeh; Mohamadkhani, Ashraf; Mohamed, Ahmed Ismail; Mohamed, Jama; Mohamed, Mouhand F H; Mohamed, Nouh Saad; Mohammad, Ameen Mosa; Mohammadi, Soheil; Mohammed, Hussen; Mohammed, Mustapha; Mohammed, Shafiu; Mokdad, Ali H; Molokhia, Mariam; Momani, Shaher Mohammad; Momtazmanesh, Sara; Monasta, Lorenzo; Mondello, Stefania; Moni, Mohammad Ali; Montazeri, Fateme; Moodi Ghalibaf, AmirAli; Moradi, Maryam; Moradi, Yousef; Moraga, Paula; Morawska, Lidia; Moreira, Rafael Silveira; Morovatdar, Negar; Morrison, Shane Douglas; Mosapour, Abbas; Mosser, Jonathan F; Mossialos, Elias; Motappa, Rohith; Mougin, Vincent; Mousavi, Parsa; Mrejen, Matías; Mubarik, Sumaira; Mueller, Ulrich Otto; Mulita, Francesk; Munjal, Kavita; Murillo-Zamora, Efrén; Musallam, Khaled M; Musina, Ana-Maria; Mustafa, Ghulam; Myung, Woojae; Nafei, Ayoub; Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman; Naghavi, Pirouz; Naik, Ganesh R; Naik, Gurudatta; Nainu, Firzan; Najdaghi, Soroush; Nakhostin Ansari, Noureddin; Nangia, Vinay; Narasimha Swamy, Sreenivas; Nargus, Shumaila; Narimani Davani, Delaram; Nascimento, Bruno Ramos; Nascimento, Gustavo G; Naser, Abdallah Y; Nashwan, Abdulqadir J; Natto, Zuhair S; Nauman, Javaid; Navaratna, Samidi N K; Naveed, Muhammad; Nawsherwan; Nayak, Biswa Prakash; Nayak, Vinod C; Negash, Hadush; Negoi, Ionut; Negoi, Ruxandra Irina; Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria; Nejjari, Chakib; Nematollahi, Soroush; Netsere, Henok Biresaw; Ng, Marie; Nguefack-Tsague, Georges; Ngunjiri, Josephine W; Nguyen, Anh Hoang; Nguyen, Dang H; Nguyen, Duc Hoang; Nguyen, Hau Thi Hien; Nguyen, Nhan; Nguyen, Nhien Ngoc Y; Nguyen, Phat Tuan; Nguyen, QuynhAnh P; Nguyen, Van Thanh; Nguyen Tran Minh, Duc; Niazi, Robina Khan; Nigatu, Yeshambel T; Niknam, Mahdieh; Nikoobar, Ali; Nikpoor, Amin Reza; Nikravangolsefid, Nasrin; Noman, Efaq Ali; Nomura, Shuhei; Noor, Syed Toukir Ahmed; Noroozi, Nafise; Nouri, Mehran; Nozari, Majid; Nri-Ezedi, Chisom Adaobi; Ntaios, George; Nunemo, Mengistu H; Nurrika, Dieta; Nutor, Jerry John; Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe; Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet; Oancea, Bogdan; Obamiro, Kehinde O; Odetokun, Ismail A; Oduro, Michael Safo; Ogundijo, Oluwaseun Adeolu; Ogunfowokan, Adesola Adenike; Ogunkoya, Abiola; Oguntade, Ayodipupo Sikiru; Oh, In-Hwan; Ojo-Akosile, Tolulope R; Okati-Aliabad, Hassan; Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul; Okonji, Osaretin Christabel; Olagunju, Andrew T; Olatubi, Matthew Idowu; Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes; Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola; Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun; Oluwafemi, Yinka Doris; Omar, Hany A; Omer, Goran Latif; Ong, Sokking; Onie, Sandersan; Onwujekwe, Obinna E; Opejin, Abdulahi Opejin; Ordak, Michal; Orish, Verner N; Ortiz, Alberto; Ortiz-Prado, Esteban; Osman, Wael M S; Ostojic, Sergej M; Ostroff, Samuel M; Osuagwu, Uchechukwu Levi; Otoiu, Adrian; Otstavnov, Stanislav S; Ouyahia, Amel; Owolabi, Mayowa O; Oyeyemi, Oyetunde T; Ozair, Ahmad; P A, Mahesh Padukudru; Padron-Monedero, Alicia; Padubidri, Jagadish Rao; Pal, Pramod Kumar; Palicz, Tamás; Pan, Feng; Pan, Hai-Feng; Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra; Pandey, Anamika; Pando-Robles, Victoria; Pangaribuan, Helena Ullyartha; Panos, Georgios D; Panos, Leonidas D; Pantazopoulos, Ioannis; Pantea Stoian, Anca Mihaela; Parikh, Romil R; Park, Eun-Kee; Park, Seoyeon; Park, Sungchul; Parsons, Nicholas; Parthasarathi, Ashwaghosha; Pasovic, Maja; Passera, Roberto; Patel, Jay; Pathan, Aslam Ramjan; Patil, Shankargouda; Patoulias, Dimitrios; Pawar, Shrikant; Pazoki Toroudi, Hamidreza; Pease, Spencer A; Peden, Amy E; Pedersini, Paolo; Pensato, Umberto; Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino; Peprah, Prince; Pereira, Marcos; Pereira, Maria Odete; Perianayagam, Arokiasamy; Perico, Norberto; Perna, Simone; Pesudovs, Konrad; Petermann-Rocha, Fanny Emily; Pham, Hoang Tran; Philip, Anil K; Phillips, Michael R; Pigeolet, Manon; Piradov, Michael A; Pisoni, Enrico; Plotnikov, Evgenii; Poddighe, Dimitri; Polibin, Roman V; Poluru, Ramesh; Ponkilainen, Ville T; Popovic, Djordje S; Postma, Maarten J; Pour-Rashidi, Ahmad; Prabhu, Disha; Prada, Sergio I; Pradhan, Jalandhar; Pradhan, Pranil Man Singh; Prashant, Akila; Prates, Elton Junio Sady; Priscilla, Tina; Purnobasuki, Hery; Purohit, Bharathi M; Puvvula, Jagadeesh; Qasim, Nameer Hashim; Qattea, Ibrahim; Qazi, Asma Saleem; Qian, Gangzhen; Rabiee Rad, Mehrdad; Radhakrishnan, Venkatraman; Raeisi Shahraki, Hadi; Rafferty, Quinn; Raggi, Alberto; Raggi, Cat; Raheem, Nasiru; Rahim, Fakher; Rahim, Md Jillur; Rahimibarghani, Sarvenaz; Rahman, Md Mijanur Mijanur Rahman; Rahman, Mosiur; Rahman, Muhammad Aziz; Rahman, Tafhimur; Rahmani, Amir Masoud; Rahmanian, Mohammad; Rahmanian, Nazanin; Rahmati, Rahem; Rahmawaty, Setyaningrum; Raimondo, Diego; Raja, Adarsh; Rajput, Prashant; Ramadan, Majed; Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran; Ramazanu, Sheena; Ramteke, Pramod W; Rana, Kritika; Rana, Rishabh Kumar; Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal; Rane, Amey; Rao, Chythra R; Rao, Mithun; Rasella, Davide; Rashedi, Vahid; Rashid, Ahmed Mustafa; Rasouli-Saravani, Ashkan; Rastogi, Prateek; Rasul, Azad; Rathish, Devarajan; Rathnaiah Babu, Giridhara; Rauniyar, Santosh Kumar; Ravangard, Ramin; Rawaf, David Laith; Rawaf, Salman; Raza, Rabail Zehra; Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed; Reifels, Lennart; Reitsma, Marissa B; Remuzzi, Giuseppe; Rengasamy, Kannan RR; Reshmi, Bhageerathy; Resnikoff, Serge; Restaino, Stefano; Reyes, Luis Felipe; Rezaei, Nazila; Rezaei, Negar; Rezaei, Zahra Sadat; Rezaeian, Mohsen; Rhee, Taeho Gregory; Rickard, Jennifer; Robalik, Toshana; Robinson-Oden, Hannah Elizabeth; Rocha, Hermano Alexandre Lima; Rodrigues, Mónica; Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia; Roever, Leonardo; Romadlon, Debby Syahru; Ronfani, Luca; Rony, Moustaq karim khan; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Rotimi, Kunle; Rout, Himanshu Sekhar; Roy, Bedanta; Rubagotti, Enrico; Ruela, Guilherme de Andrade; Rumisha, Susan Fred; Runghien, Tilleye; Russo, Michele; Saad, Aly M A; Saber, Korosh; Saber-Ayad, Maha Mohamed; Sabet, Cameron John; Sabour, Siamak; Sachdev, Perminder S; Saddler, Adam; Sadee, Bashdar Abuzed; Sadeghi, Masoumeh; Saeb, Mohammad Reza; Saeed, Umar; Safi, Sher Zaman; Sagar, Rajesh; Saghafi, Alireza; Sagoe, Dominic; Sahebkar, Amirhossein; Sahoo, Pragyan Monalisa; Sajid, Mirza Rizwan; Salam, Nasir; Salamati, Payman; Salami, Afeez Abolarinwa; Saleh, Mohamed A; Salehi, Leili; Salem, Marwa Rashad; Salemcity, Aanuoluwa James; Salimi, Sohrab; Samadi Kafil, Hossein; Samargandy, Saad; Samodra, Yoseph Leonardo; Samy, Abdallah M; Sanabria, Juan; Sanna, Francesca; Santric-Milicevic, Milena M; Sao Jose, Bruno Piassi; Saraswathy, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer; Saravanan, Aswini; Sarmiento-Suárez, Rodrigo; Sarode, Gargi Sachin; Sarode, Sachin C; Sartorius, Benn; Satpathy, Maheswar; Sayeed, Abu; Scarmeas, Nikolaos; Schaarschmidt, Benedikt Michael; Schinckus, Christophe; Schuermans, Art; Schumacher, Austin E; Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth; Schwebel, David C; Schwendicke, Falk; Selvaraj, Siddharthan; Semreen, Mohammad H; Senapati, Sabyasachi; Sengupta, Pallav; Senthilkumaran, Subramanian; Serban, Dragos; Sethi, Yashendra; Seylani, Allen; Shafie, Mahan; Shah, Pritik A; Shahbandi, Ataollah; Shahid, Samiah; Shahid, Wajeehah; Shahsavari, Hamid R; Shahwan, Moyad Jamal; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Shalash, Ali S; Shamekh, Ali; Shamim, Muhammad Aaqib; Shanawaz, Mohd; Shankar, Abhishek; Shannawaz, Mohammed; Sharath, Medha; Sharfaei, Sadaf; Sharifan, Amin; Sharifi-Rad, Javad; Sharma, Anupam; Sharma, Manoj; Sharma, Saurab; Sharma, Vishal; Shastry, Rajesh P; Shayan, Maryam; Shekhar, Shashank; Shenoy, Rekha R; Shetty, Mahabalesh; Shetty, Pavanchand H; Shetty, Premalatha K; Shi, Peilin; Shiani, Amir; Shigematsu, Mika; Shimels, Tariku; Shiri, Rahman; Shittu, Aminu; Shiue, Ivy; Shivakumar, K M; Shool, Sina; Shorofi, Seyed Afshin; Shrestha, Sunil; Shuval, Kerem; Si, Yafei; Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar; Sidhu, Jaspreet Kaur; Silva, João Pedro; Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues; Silva, Soraia; Silva, Thales Philipe R; Simpson, Colin R; Simpson, Kyle E; Singh, Abhinav; Singh, Balbir Bagicha; Singh, Baljinder; 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This information can be used for policy and long-term health investment, planning, and ... -
Global fertility in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2021, with forecasts to 2100: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Natalia V, Bhattacharjee; Schumacher, Austin E; Aali, Amirali; Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis; Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh; Abbasian, Mohammadreza; Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen; Abbastabar, Hedayat; Abd ElHafeez, Samar; Abd-Elsalam, Sherief; Abdollahi, Mohammad; Abdollahifar, Mohammad-Amin; Abdoun, Meriem; Abdullahi, Auwal; Abebe, Mesfin; Abebe, Samrawit Shawel; Abiodun, Olumide; Abolhassani, Hassan; Abolmaali, Meysam; Abouzid, Mohamed; Aboye, Girma Beressa; Abreu, Lucas Guimarães; Abrha, Woldu Aberhe; Abrigo, Michael R M; Abtahi, Dariush; Abualruz, Hasan; Abubakar, Bilyaminu; Abu-Gharbieh, Eman; Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME; Adal, Tadele Girum Girum; Adane, Mesafint Molla; Adeagbo, Oluwafemi Atanda Adeagbo; Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji; Adekanmbi, Victor; Aden, Bashir; Adepoju, Abiola Victor; Adetokunboh, Olatunji O; Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi; Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo; Adeyomoye, Olorunsola Israel; Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah; Adra, Saryia; Afolabi, Rotimi Felix; Afyouni, Shadi; Afzal, Muhammad Sohail; Afzal, Saira; Aghamiri, Shahin; Agodi, Antonella; Agyemang-Duah, Williams; Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku; Ahlstrom, Austin J; Ahmad, Aqeel; Ahmad, Danish; Ahmad, Firdos; Ahmad, Muayyad M; Ahmad, Sajjad; Ahmad, Tauseef; Ahmed, Ali; Ahmed, Ayman; Ahmed, Haroon; Ahmed, Luai A; Ahmed, Meqdad Saleh; Ahmed, Syed Anees; Ajami, Marjan; Aji, Budi; Akalu, Gizachew Taddesse; Akbarialiabad, Hossein; Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola; Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed; Akkala, Sreelatha; Al Hamad, Hanadi; Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz; Al Qadire, Mohammad; AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali; Alalalmeh, Samer O; Alalwan, Tariq A; Al-Aly, Ziyad; Alam, Khurshid; Al-amer, Rasmieh Mustafa; Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour; Alanzi, Turki M; Albakri, Almaza; Albashtawy, Mohammed; AlBataineh, Mohammad T; Alemi, Hediyeh; Alemi, Sharifullah; Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta; Al-Eyadhy, Ayman; Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed; Alhabib, Khalid F; Alhajri, Noora; Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Alhalaiqa Naji; Alhassan, Robert Kaba; Ali, Abid; Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir; Ali, Liaqat; Ali, Mohammed Usman; Ali, Rafat; Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait; Alif, Sheikh Mohammad; Aligol, Mohammad; Alijanzadeh, Mehran; Aljasir, Mohammad A M; Aljunid, Syed Mohamed; Al-Marwani, Sabah; Almazan, Joseph Uy; Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M; Almidani, Omar; Alomari, Mahmoud A; Al-Omari, Basem; Alqahtani, Jaber S; Alqutaibi, Ahmed Yaseen; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M; Al-Sabah, Salman Khalifah; Altaf, Awais; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A; Altirkawi, Khalid A; Aluh, Deborah Oyine; Alvi, Farrukh Jawad; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Alwafi, Hassan; Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed; Aly, Hany; Aly, Safwat; Alzoubi, Karem H; Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena; Amin, Tarek Tawfik; Amindarolzarbi, Alireza; Amini-Rarani, Mostafa; Amiri, Sohrab; Ampomah, Irene Gyamfuah; Amugsi, Dickson A; Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi; Ancuceanu, Robert; Anderlini, Deanna; Andrade, Pedro Prata; Andrei, Catalina Liliana; Andrei, Tudorel; Anil, Abhishek; Anil, Sneha; Ansar, Adnan; Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza; Antony, Catherine M; Antriyandarti, Ernoiz; Anvari, Saeid; ANWAR, SALEHA; Anwer, Razique; Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward; Arabloo, Jalal; Arabzadeh Bahri, Razman; Arafa, Elshaimaa A; Arafat, Mosab; Araújo, Ana Margarida; Aravkin, Aleksandr Y; Aremu, Abdulfatai; Aripov, Timur; Arkew, Mesay; Armocida, Benedetta; Ärnlöv, Johan; Arooj, Mahwish; Artamonov, Anton A; Arulappan, Judie; Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo; Arumugam, Ashokan; Asadi-Lari, Mohsen; Asemi, Zatollah; Asgary, Saeed; Asghariahmadabad, Mona; Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad; Ashemo, Mubarek Yesse; Ashraf, Muhammad; Ashraf, Tahira; Asika, Marvellous O; Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin; Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi; Atreya, Alok; Aujayeb, Avinash; Ausloos, Marcel; Avan, Abolfazl; Aweke, Amlaku Mulat; Ayele, Getnet Melaku; Ayyoubzadeh, Seyed Mohammad; Azadnajafabad, Sina; Azevedo, Rui M S; Azzam, Ahmed Y; Badar, Muhammad; Badiye, Ashish D; Baghdadi, Soroush; Bagheri, Nasser; Bagherieh, Sara; Bahmanziari, Najmeh; Bai, Ruhai; Baig, Atif Amin; Baker, Jennifer L; Bako, Abdulaziz T; Bakshi, Ravleen Kaur; Balasubramanian, Madhan; Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin; Bam, Kiran; Banach, Maciej; Bandyopadhyay, Soham; Banik, Biswajit; Banik, Palash Chandra; Bansal, Hansi; Baran, Mehmet Firat; Barchitta, Martina; Bardhan, Mainak; Bardideh, Erfan; Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn; Bärnighausen, Till Winfried; Barone-Adesi, Francesco; Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat; Barrow, Amadou; Barteit, Sandra; Basharat, Zarrin; Bashir, Asma'u I J; Bashiru, Hameed Akande; Basiru, Afisu; Basso, João Diogo; Basu, Sanjay; Batiha, Abdul-Monim Mohammad; Batra, Kavita; Baune, Bernhard T; Bayati, Mohsen; Begum, Tahmina; Behboudi, Emad; Behnoush, Amir Hossein; Beiranvand, Maryam; Bejarano Ramirez, Diana Fernanda; Bekele, Alehegn; Belay, Sefealem Assefa; Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal; Bell, Michelle L; Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja; Beloukas, Apostolos; Bensenor, Isabela M; Berezvai, Zombor; Berhie, Alemshet Yirga; Bermudez, Amiel Nazer C; Bettencourt, Paulo J G; Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth; Bhardwaj, Nikha; Bhardwaj, Pankaj; Bhardwaj, Prarthna V; Bhaskar, Sonu; Bhat, Vivek; Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur; Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh; Bhatti, Manpreet S; Bhatti, Rajbir; Biondi, Antonio; Bisignano, Catherine; Biswas, Atanu; Biswas, Raaj Kishore; Bitra, Veera R; Bjørge, Tone; Bliss, Elye; Boachie, Micheal Kofi; Bobirca, Anca Vasilica; Bodolica, Virginia; Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan; Bogale, Eyob Ketema; Bogale, Kassawmar Angaw; Bonakdar Hashemi, Milad; Bora Basara, Berrak; Bouaoud, Souad; Braithwaite, Dejana; Brauer, Michael; Breitborde, Nicholas J K; Bryazka, Dana; Bulamu, Norma B; Buonsenso, Danilo; Burkart, Katrin; Burns, Richard A; Bustanji, Yasser; Butt, Nadeem Shafique; Butt, Zahid A; Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano; Calina, Daniela; Campos-Nonato, Ismael R; Cao, Fan; Cao, Shujin; Capodici, Angelo; Carreras, Giulia; Carugno, Andrea; Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A; Castelpietra, Giulio; Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia; Caye, Arthur; Cegolon, Luca; Cembranel, Francieli; Cerin, Ester; Chadwick, Joshua; Chahine, Yaacoub; Chakraborty, Chiranjib; Chalek, Julian; Chan, Jeffrey Shi Kai; Charalampous, Periklis; Chattu, Vijay Kumar; Chaturvedi, Sarika; Chavula, Malizgani Paul; Chen, An-Tian; Chen, Haowei; Chen, Simiao; Chi, Gerald; Chichagi, Fatemeh; Chien, Ju-Huei; Ching, Patrick R; Cho, William C S; Choi, Sungchul; Chong, Bryan; Chopra, Hitesh; Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan; Christopher, Devasahayam J; Chu, Dinh-Toi; Chukwu, Isaac Sunday; Chung, Eric; Chung, Sheng-Chia; Cindi, Zinhle; Cioffi, Iolanda; Ciuffreda, Raffaela; Claro, Rafael M; Coberly, Kaleb; Columbus, Alyssa; Comfort, Haley; Conde, Joao; Criqui, Michael H; Cruz-Martins, Natália; Cuadra-Hernández, Silvia Magali; Dadana, Sriharsha; Dadras, Omid; Dahiru, Tukur; Dai, Zhaoli; Dalton, Bronte; Damiani, Giovanni; Darwesh, Aso Mohammad; Das, Jai K; Das, Saswati; Dashti, Mohsen; Dastiridou, Anna; Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto; Davletov, Kairat; Debele, Aklilu Tamire; Debopadhaya, Shayom; Delavari, Somayeh; Delgado-Enciso, Ivan; Demeke, Dessalegn; Demessa, Berecha Hundessa; Deng, Xinlei; Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar; Deribe, Kebede; Dervenis, Nikolaos; Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai; Desai, Rupak; Devanbu, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan; Dhali, Arkadeep; Dhama, Kuldeep; Dhimal, Meghnath; Dhulipala, Vishal R; Dias da Silva, Diana; Diaz, Daniel; Diaz, Michael J; Dima, Adriana; Ding, Delaney D; Dirac, M Ashworth; Do, Thanh Chi; Do, Thao Huynh Phuong; do Prado, Camila Bruneli; Dohare, Sushil; Dong, Wanyue; D'Oria, Mario; dos Santos, Wendel Mombaque; Doshmangir, Leila; Dowou, Robert Kokou; Dsouza, Ashel Chelsea; Dsouza, Haneil Larson; Dsouza, Viola; Dube, John; Duprey, Joe; Duraes, Andre Rodrigues; Duraisamy, Senbagam; Durojaiye, Oyewole Christopher; Dutta, Sulagna; Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura; Dzianach, Paulina Agnieszka; Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian; Ebrahimi, Alireza; Edinur, Hisham Atan; Edvardsson, Kristina; Efendi, Ferry; Eikemo, Terje Andreas; Ekholuenetale, Michael; El Tantawi, Maha; Elemam, Noha Mousaad; ElGohary, Ghada Metwally Tawfik; Elhadi, Muhammed; Elilo, Legesse Tesfaye; Elmeligy, Omar Abdelsadek Abdou; Elmonem, Mohamed A; Elshaer, Mohammed; Elsohaby, Ibrahim; Emami Zeydi, Amir; Engelbert Bain, Luchuo; Eskandarieh, Sharareh; Esposito, Francesco; Estep, Kara; Etaee, Farshid; Fabin, Natalia; Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis; Fahimi, Saman; Fakhri-Demeshghieh, Aliasghar; Falzone, Luca; Faramarzi, Ali; Faris, MoezAlIslam Ezzat Mahmoud; Farmer, Sam; Faro, Andre; Fasanmi, Abidemi Omolara; Fatehizadeh, Ali; Fauk, Nelsensius Klau; Fazeli, Pooria; Feigin, Valery L; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad; Feroze, Abdullah Hamid; Ferrara, Pietro; Ferreira, Nuno; Fetensa, Getahun; Filip, Irina; Fischer, Florian; Flavel, Joanne; Foigt, Nataliya A; Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin; Fomenkov, Artem Alekseevich; Foroutan, Behzad; Foschi, Matteo; Fowobaje, Kayode Raphael; Francis, Kate Louise; Freitas, Alberto; Fukumoto, Takeshi; Fuller, John E; Fux, Blima; Gaal, Peter Andras; Gadanya, Muktar A; Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji; Galali, Yaseen; Gallus, Silvano; Gandhi, Aravind P; Ganesan, Balasankar; Ganiyani, Mohammad Arfat; Garcia-Gordillo, M.A.; Garg, Naval; Gautam, Rupesh K; Gazzelloni, Federica; Gbadamosi, Semiu Olatunde; Gebregergis, Miglas W; Gebrehiwot, Mesfin; Gebremariam, Tesfay Brhane; Gebremariam, Tesfay B B; Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru; Geda, Yohannes Fikadu; Georgescu, Simona Roxana; Gerema, Urge; Geremew, Habtamu; Getachew, Motuma Erena; Gething, Peter W; Ghasemi, MohammadReza; Ghasempour Dabaghi, Ghazal; Ghasemzadeh, Afsaneh; Ghassemi, Fariba; Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed; Ghimire, Sailaja; Gholamian, Asadollah; Gholamrezanezhad, Ali; Ghorbani, Mahsa; Ghoshal, Aloke Gopal; Ghuge, Arun Digambarrao; Gil, Artyom Urievich; Gill, Tiffany K; Giorgi, Matteo; Girmay, Alem; Glasbey, James C; Göbölös, Laszlo; Goel, Amit; Golchin, Ali; Golechha, Mahaveer; Goleij, Pouya; Gopalani, Sameer Vali; Goudarzi, Houman; Goulart, Alessandra C; Goyal, Anmol; Graham, Simon Matthew; Grivna, Michal; Guan, Shi-Yang; Guarducci, Giovanni; Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen; Gudeta, Mesay Dechasa; Guicciardi, Stefano; Gulati, Snigdha; Gulisashvili, David; Gunawardane, Damitha Asanga; Guo, Cui; Gupta, Anish Kumar; Gupta, Bhawna; Gupta, Manoj Kumar; Gupta, Mohak; Gupta, Sapna; Gupta, Veer Bala; Gupta, Vijai Kumar; Gupta, Vivek Kumar; Haakenstad, Annie; Habibzadeh, Farrokh; Hadi, Najah R; Haep, Nils; Hajibeygi, Ramtin; Haller, Sebastian; Halwani, Rabih; Hamadeh, Randah R; Hamdy, Nadia M; Hameed, Sajid; Hamidi, Samer; Han, Qiuxia; Handal, Alexis J; Hankey, Graeme J; Haque, Md Nuruzzaman; Haro, Josep Maria; Hasaballah, Ahmed I; Hasan, Ikramul; Hasan, Mohammad Jahid; Hasan, S.M. Mahmudul; Hasani, Hamidreza; Hasnain, Md Saquib; Hassan, Amr; Hassan, Ikrama; Hassanipour, Soheil; Hassankhani, Hadi; Hay, Simon I; Hebert, Jeffrey J; Hegazi, Omar E; Heidari, Mohammad; Helfer, Bartosz; Hemmati, Mehdi; Herrera-Serna, Brenda Yuliana; Herteliu, Claudiu; Hessami, Kamran; Hezam, Kamal; Hiraike, Yuta; Hoan, Nguyen Quoc; Holla, Ramesh; Horita, Nobuyuki; Hossain, Md Mahbub; Hossain, Mohammad Bellal Hossain; Hosseinzadeh, Hassan; Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi; Hostiuc, Mihaela; Hostiuc, Sorin; Hsairi, Mohamed; Hsieh, Vivian Chia-rong; Hu, Chengxi; Huang, Junjie; Huda, M Mamun; Humayun, Ayesha; Hussain, Javid; Hussein, Nawfal R; Huynh, Hong-Han; Hwang, Bing-Fang; Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel; Iftikhar, Pulwasha Maria; Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen; Ilic, Irena M; Ilic, Milena D; Immurana, Mustapha; Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja; Iqbal, Afrin; Islam, Md. Rabiul; Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah; Iso, Hiroyasu; Isola, Gaetano; Iwagami, Masao; Iyer, Mahalaxmi; J, Linda Merin; Jaafari, Jalil; Jacob, Louis; Jadidi-Niaragh, Farhad; Jaggi, Khushleen; Jahankhani, Kasra; Jahanmehr, Nader; Jahrami, Haitham; Jain, Akhil; Jain, Nityanand; Jairoun, Ammar Abdulrahman; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo; Jamshidi, Elham; Javadov, Sabzali; Javaheri, Tahereh; Jayapal, Sathish Kumar; Jayaram, Shubha; Jee, Sun Ha; Jeganathan, Jayakumar; Jha, Anil K; Jha, Ravi Prakash; Jiang, Heng; Jokar, Mohammad; Jonas, Jost B; Joo, Tamas; Joseph, Nitin; Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma; Joukar, Farahnaz; Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy; Jürisson, Mikk; K, Vaishali; Kaambwa, Billingsley; Kabir, Abdulkareem; Kabir, Ali; Kabir, Hannaneh; Kabir, Zubair; Kalani, Rizwan; Kalankesh, Leila R; Kaliyadan, Feroze; Kalra, Sanjay; Kamath, Rajesh; Kamath, Sagarika; Kanchan, Tanuj; Kanmiki, Edmund Wedam; Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem; Kannan S, Suthanthira; Kansal, Sushil Kumar; Kantar, Rami S; Kapoor, Neeti; Karajizadeh, Mehrdad; Karami, Manoochehr; Karaye, Ibraheem M; Kashoo, Faizan Zaffar; Kasraei, Hengameh; Kassebaum, Nicholas J; Kassel, Molly B; Kauppila, Joonas H; Kazemi, Foad; Kazeminia, sara; Kempen, John H; Kendal, Evie Shoshannah; Keshtkar, Kamyab; Keykhaei, Mohammad; Khajuria, Himanshu; Khalaji, Amirmohammad; Khalid, Nauman; Khalil, Anees Ahmed; Khalilian, Alireza; Khamesipour, Faham; Khan, Ajmal; Khan, Asaduzzaman; Khan, Ikramullah; Khan, M Nuruzzaman; Khan, Maseer; Khan, Mohammad Jobair; Khan, Moien AB; Khang, Young-Ho; Khanmohammadi, Shaghayegh; Khatab, Khaled; Khavandegar, Armin; Khayat Kashani, Hamid Reza; Khidri, Feriha Fatima; Khormali, Moein; Khosravi, Mohammad Ali; Khosrowjerdi, Mahmood; Kidane, Wondwosen Teklesilasie; Kifle, Zemene Demelash; Kim, Julie Sojin; Kim, Min Seo; Kimokoti, Ruth W; Kinzel, Kasey E; Kiross, Girmay Tsegay; Kisa, Adnan; Kisa, Sezer; Kolahi, Ali-Asghar; Kompani, Farzad; Koren, Gerbrand; Korzh, Oleksii; Kosen, Soewarta; Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi; Krishan, Kewal; Krishna, Varun; Krishnamoorthy, Vijay; Kuate Defo, Barthelemy; Kubeisy, Connor M; Kucuk Bicer, Burcu; Kuddus, Md Abdul; Kuddus, Mohammed; Kuitunen, Ilari; Kulimbet, Mukhtar; Kumar, Harish; Kundu, Satyajit; Kunle, Kunle Rotimi; Kurmi, Om P; Kusnali, Asep; Kusuma, Dian; Kyei, Evans F; Kyriopoulos, Ilias; La Vecchia, Carlo; Lacey, Ben; Ladan, Muhammad Awwal; Laflamme, Lucie; Lahariya, Chandrakant; Lai, Daphne Teck Ching; Lal, Dharmesh Kumar; Lalloo, Ratilal; Lám, Judit; Lamnisos, Demetris; Landires, Iván; Lanfranchi, Francesco; Langguth, Berthold; Laplante-Lévesque, Ariane; Larson, Heidi Jane; Larsson, Anders O; Lasrado, Savita; Latief, Kamaluddin; Latifinaibin, Kaveh; Le, Long Khanh Dao; Le, Nhi Huu Hanh; Le, Trang Diep Thanh; Ledda, Caterina; Lee, Munjae; Lee, Paul H; Lee, Seung Won; Lee, Yo Han; Lema, Gebretsadik Kiros; Leong, Elvynna; Lerango, Temesgen L; Li, An; Li, Ming-Chieh; Li, Shanshan; Li, Wei; Li, Xiaopan; Ligade, Virendra S; Lim, Stephen S; Lin, Ro-Ting; Lindstedt, Paulina A; 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Zhou, Juexiao; Zhu, Bin; Zhu, Lei; Zielińska, Magdalena; Zou, Zhiyong; Zyoud, Samer H; Murray, Christopher J L; Smith, Amanda E; Vollset, Stein Emil... more authors ... less authors ( Elsevier , 2024 , Article)Background Accurate assessments of current and future fertility—including overall trends and changing population age structures across countries and regions—are essential to help plan for the profound social, economic, ... -
Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Jaimie D, Steinmetz; Seeher, Katrin Maria; Schiess, Nicoline; Nichols, Emma; Cao, Bochen; Servili, Chiara; Cavallera, Vanessa; Cousin, Ewerton; Hagins, Hailey; Moberg, Madeline E; Mehlman, Max L; Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis; Abbas, Jaffar; Abbasi, Madineh Akram; Abbasian, Mohammadreza; Abbastabar, Hedayat; Abdelmasseh, Michael; Abdollahi, Mohammad; Abdollahi, Mozhan; Abdollahifar, Mohammad-Amin; Abd-Rabu, Rami; Abdulah, Deldar Morad; Abdullahi, Auwal; Abedi, Aidin; Abedi, Vida; Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel; Abidi, Hassan; Abiodun, Olumide; Aboagye, Richard Gyan; Abolhassani, Hassan; Aboyans, Victor; Abrha, Woldu Aberhe; Abualhasan, Ahmed; Abu-Gharbieh, Eman; Aburuz, Salahdein; Adamu, Lawan Hassan; Addo, Isaac Yeboah; Adebayo, Oladimeji M; Adekanmbi, Victor; Adekiya, Tayo Alex; Adikusuma, Wirawan; Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah; Adra, Saryia; Afework, Tsion; Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika; Afraz, Ali; Afzal, Saira; Aghamiri, Shahin; Agodi, Antonella; Agyemang-Duah, Williams; Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku; Ahmad, Aqeel; Ahmad, Danish; Ahmad, Sajjad; Ahmadzade, Amir Mahmoud; Ahmed, Ali; Ahmed, Ayman; Ahmed, Haroon; Ahmed, Jivan Qasim; Ahmed, Luai A; Ahmed, Muktar Beshir; Ahmed, Syed Anees; Ajami, Marjan; Aji, Budi; Ajumobi, Olufemi; Akade, Seyed Esma'il; Akbari, Morteza; Akbarialiabad, Hossein; Akhlaghi, Shiva; Akinosoglou, Karolina; Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola; Akonde, Maxwell; Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz; Alahdab, Fares; AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali; Al-amer, Rasmieh Mustafa; Albashtawy, Mohammed; AlBataineh, Mohammad T; Aldawsari, Khalifah A; Alemi, Hediyeh; Alemi, Sharifullah; Algammal, Abdelazeem M; Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed; Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Alhalaiqa Naji; Alhassan, Robert Kaba; Ali, Abid; Ali, Endale Alemayehu; Ali, Liaqat; Ali, Mohammed Usman; Ali, Musa Mohammed; Ali, Rafat; Ali, Shahid; Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait; Ali, Zahid; Alif, Sheikh Mohammad; Alimohamadi, Yousef; Aliyi, Ahmednur Adem; Aljofan, Mohamad; Aljunid, Syed Mohamed; Alladi, Suvarna; Almazan, Joseph Uy; Almustanyir, Sami; Al-Omari, Basem; Alqahtani, Jaber S; Alqasmi, Ibrahim; Alqutaibi, Ahmed Yaseen; Al-Shahi Salman, Rustam; Altaany, Zaid; Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A; Altirkawi, Khalid A; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed; Aly, Hany; Aly, Safwat; Alzoubi, Karem H; Amani, Reza; Amindarolzarbi, Alireza; Amiri, Sohrab; Amirzade-Iranaq, Mohammad Hosein; Amu, Hubert; Amugsi, Dickson A; Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi; Amzat, Jimoh; Ancuceanu, Robert; Anderlini, Deanna; Anderson, David B; Andrei, Catalina Liliana; Androudi, Sofia; Angappan, Dhanalakshmi; Angesom, Teklit W; Anil, Abhishek; Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza; Anwer, Razique; Arafat, Mosab; Aravkin, Aleksandr Y; Areda, Demelash; Ariffin, Hany; Arifin, Hidayat; Arkew, Mesay; Ärnlöv, Johan; Arooj, Mahwish; Artamonov, Anton A; Artanti, Kurnia Dwi; Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo; Asadi-Pooya, Ali A; Asena, Tilahun Ferede; Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad; Ashraf, Muhammad; Ashraf, Tahira; Atalell, Kendalem Asmare; Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin; Atinafu, Bantalem Tilaye Tilaye; Atorkey, Prince; Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi; Atreya, Alok; Aujayeb, Avinash; Avan, Abolfazl; Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina; Ayatollahi, Haleh; Ayinde, Olatunde O; Ayyoubzadeh, Seyed Mohammad; Azadnajafabad, Sina; Azizi, Zahra; Azizian, Khalil; Azzam, Ahmed Y; Babaei, Mahsa; Badar, Muhammad; Badiye, Ashish D; Baghdadi, Soroush; Bagherieh, Sara; Bai, Ruhai; Baig, Atif Amin; Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar; Balalla, Shivanthi; Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin; Banach, Maciej; Bandyopadhyay, Soham; Banerjee, Indrajit; Baran, Mehmet Firat; Barboza, Miguel A; Barchitta, Martina; Bardhan, Mainak; Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn; Bärnighausen, Till Winfried; Barrow, Amadou; Bashash, Davood; Bashiri, Hamideh; Bashiru, Hameed Akande; Basiru, Afisu; Basso, João Diogo; Basu, Sanjay; Batiha, Abdul-Monim Mohammad; Batra, Kavita; Baune, Bernhard T; Bedi, Neeraj; Begde, Ahmet; Begum, Tahmina; Behnam, Babak; Behnoush, Amir Hossein; Beiranvand, Maryam; Béjot, Yannick; Bekele, Alehegn; Belete, Melaku Ashagrie; Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal; Bemanalizadeh, Maryam; Bender, Rose G; Benfor, Bright; Bennett, Derrick A; Bensenor, Isabela M; Berice, Betyna; Bettencourt, Paulo J G; Beyene, Kebede A; Bhadra, Abhishek; Bhagat, Devidas S; Bhangdia, Kayleigh; Bhardwaj, Nikha; Bhardwaj, Pankaj; Bhargava, Ashish; Bhaskar, Sonu; Bhat, Ajay Nagesh; Bhat, Vivek; Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur; Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh; Bhatti, Rajbir; Bijani, Ali; Bikbov, Boris; Bilalaga, Mariah Malak; Biswas, Atanu; Bitaraf, Saeid; Bitra, Veera R; Bjørge, Tone; Bodolica, Virginia; Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan; Boloor, Archith; Braithwaite, Dejana; Brayne, Carol; Brenner, Hermann; Briko, Andrey; Bringas Vega, Maria L; Brown, Julie; Budke, Christine M; Buonsenso, Danilo; Burkart, Katrin; Burns, Richard A; Bustanji, Yasser; Butt, Muhammad Hammad; Butt, Nadeem Shafique; Butt, Zahid A; Cabral, Lucas Scotta; Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano; Calina, Daniela; Campos-Nonato, Ismael R; Cao, Chao; Carabin, Hélène; Cárdenas, Rosario; Carreras, Giulia; Carvalho, Andre F; Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A; Casulli, Adriano; Catalá-López, Ferrán; Catapano, Alberico L; Caye, Arthur; Cegolon, Luca; Cenderadewi, Muthia; Cerin, Ester; Chacón-Uscamaita, Pamela R Uscamaita; Chan, Jeffrey Shi Kai; Chanie, Gashaw Sisay; Charan, Jaykaran; Chattu, Vijay Kumar; Chekol Abebe, Endeshaw; Chen, Hui; Chen, Jianqi; Chi, Gerald; Chichagi, Fatemeh; Chidambaram, Saravana Babu; Chimoriya, Ritesh; Ching, Patrick R; Chitheer, Abdulaal; Chong, Yuen Yu; Chopra, Hitesh; Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan; Chowdhury, Enayet Karim; Chowdhury, Rajiv; Christensen, Hanne; Chu, Dinh-Toi; Chukwu, Isaac Sunday; Chung, Eric; Coberly, Kaleb; Columbus, Alyssa; Comachio, Josielli; Conde, Joao; Cortesi, Paolo Angelo; Costa, Vera Marisa; Couto, Rosa A S; Criqui, Michael H; Cruz-Martins, Natália; Dabbagh Ohadi, Mohammad Amin; Dadana, Sriharsha; Dadras, Omid; Dai, Xiaochen; Dai, Zhaoli; D'Amico, Emanuele; Danawi, Hadi A; Dandona, Lalit; Dandona, Rakhi; Darwish, Amira Hamed; Das, Saswati; Das, Subasish; Dascalu, Ana Maria; Dash, Nihar Ranjan; Dashti, Mohsen; 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Ellenbogen, Richard G; Elmeligy, Omar Abdelsadek Abdou; Elmonem, Mohamed A; Elshaer, Mohammed; Elsohaby, Ibrahim; Emamverdi, Mehdi; Emeto, Theophilus I; Endres, Matthias; Esezobor, Christopher Imokhuede; Eskandarieh, Sharareh; Fadaei, Abdolmajid; Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis; Fahim, Ayesha; Faramarzi, Ali; Fares, Jawad; Farjoud Kouhanjani, Mohsen; Faro, Andre; Farzadfar, Farshad; Fatehizadeh, Ali; Fathi, Mobina; Fathi, Saeid; Fatima, Syeda Anum Fatima; Feizkhah, Alireza; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad; Ferrari, Alize J; Ferreira, Nuno; Fetensa, Getahun; Firouraghi, Neda; Fischer, Florian; Fonseca, Ana Catarina; Force, Lisa M; Fornari, Arianna; Foroutan, Behzad; Fukumoto, Takeshi; Gadanya, Muktar A; Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji; Galali, Yaseen; Galehdar, Nasrin; Gan, Quan; Gandhi, Aravind P; Ganesan, Balasankar; Gardner, William M; Garg, Naval; Gau, Shuo-Yan; Gautam, Rupesh K; Gebre, Teshome; Gebrehiwot, Mesfin; Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn; Gebreslassie, Haftay Gebremedhin; Getacher, Lemma; Ghaderi Yazdi, Bardiya; Ghadirian, Fataneh; Ghaffarpasand, Fariborz; Ghanbari, Reza; Ghasemi, MohammadReza; Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed; Ghimire, Sailaja; Gholami, Ali; Gholamrezanezhad, Ali; Ghotbi, Elena; Ghozy, Sherief; Gialluisi, Alessandro; Gill, Paramjit Singh; Glasstetter, Logan M; Gnedovskaya, Elena V; Golchin, Ali; Golechha, Mahaveer; Goleij, Pouya; Golinelli, Davide; Gomes-Neto, Mansueto; Goulart, Alessandra C; Goyal, Anmol; Gray, Richard J; Grivna, Michal; Guadie, Habtamu Alganeh; Guan, Bin; Guarducci, Giovanni; Guicciardi, Stefano; Gunawardane, Damitha Asanga; Guo, Hanbing; Gupta, Bhawna; Gupta, Rajeev; Gupta, Sapna; Gupta, Veer Bala; Gupta, Vivek Kumar; Gutiérrez, Reyna Alma; Habibzadeh, Farrokh; Hachinski, Vladimir; Haddadi, Rasool; Hadei, Mostafa; Hadi, Najah R; Haep, Nils; Haile, Teklehaimanot Gereziher; Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin; Hall, Brian J; Halwani, Rabih; Hameed, Sajid; Hamiduzzaman, Mohammad; Hammoud, Ahmad; Han, Hannah; Hanifi, Nasrin; Hankey, Graeme J; Hannan, Md. Abdul; Hao, Junwei; Harapan, Harapan; Hareru, Habtamu Endashaw; Hargono, Arief; Harlianto, Netanja I.; Haro, Josep Maria; Hartman, Nicholas Nathaniel; Hasaballah, Ahmed I.; Hasan, Faizul; Hasani, Hamidreza; Hasanian, Mohammad; Hassan, Amr; Hassan, Shoaib; Hassanipour, Soheil; Hassankhani, Hadi; Hassen, Mohammed Bheser; Haubold, Johannes; Hay, Simon I; Hayat, Khezar; Hegazy, Mohamed I; Heidari, Golnaz; Heidari, Mohammad; Heidari-Soureshjani, Reza; Hesami, Hamed; Hezam, Kamal; Hiraike, Yuta; Hoffman, Howard J; Holla, Ramesh; Hopf, Kathleen Pillsbury; Horita, Nobuyuki; Hossain, Md Mahbub; Hossain, Md. Belal; Hossain, Sahadat; Hosseinzadeh, Hassan; Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi; Hostiuc, Sorin; Hu, Chengxi; Huang, Junjie; Huda, Md. Nazmul; Hussain, Javid; Hussein, Nawfal R; Huynh, Hong-Han; Hwang, Bing-Fang; Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel; Ilaghi, Mehran; Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen; Ilic, Irena M; Ilic, Milena D; Immurana, Mustapha; Iravanpour, Farideh; Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful; Ismail, Faisal; Iso, Hiroyasu; Isola, Gaetano; Iwagami, Masao; Iwu, Chidozie C D; Iyer, Mahalaxmi; Jaan, Ali; Jacob, Louis; Jadidi-Niaragh, Farhad; Jafari, Mahboobeh; Jafarinia, Morteza; Jafarzadeh, Abdollah; Jahankhani, Kasra; Jahanmehr, Nader; Jahrami, Haitham; Jaiswal, Abhishek; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo; Jamora, Roland Dominic G; Jana, Somnath; Javadi, Nilofer; Javed, Saad; Javeed, Saad; Jayapal, Sathish Kumar; Jayaram, Shubha; Jiang, Heng; Johnson, Catherine Owens; Johnson, Walter D; Jokar, Mohammad; Jonas, Jost B; Joseph, Abel; Joseph, Nitin; Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma; Jürisson, Mikk; Kabir, Ali; Kabir, Zubair; Kabito, Gebisa Guyasa; Kadashetti, Vidya; Kafi, Fatemeh; Kalani, Rizwan; Kalantar, Farnaz; Kaliyadan, Feroze; Kamath, Ashwin; Kamath, Sagarika; Kanchan, Tanuj; Kandel, Amit; Kandel, Himal; Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem; Karajizadeh, Mehrdad; Karami, Jafar; Karanth, Shama D; Karaye, Ibraheem M; Karch, André; Karimi, Aliasghar; Karimi, Hanie; Karimi Behnagh, Arman; Kasraei, Hengameh; Kassebaum, Nicholas J; Kauppila, Joonas H; Kaur, Harkiran; Kaur, Navjot; Kayode, Gbenga A; Kazemi, Foad; Keikavoosi-Arani, Leila; Keller, Cathleen; Keykhaei, Mohammad; Khadembashiri, Mohammad Amin; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif; Khajuria, Himanshu; Khalaji, Amirmohammad; Khamesipour, Faham; Khammarnia, Mohammad; Khan, Maseer; Khan, Moien AB; Khan, Yusra H; Khan Suheb, Mahammed Ziauddin; Khanmohammadi, Shaghayegh; Khanna, Tripti; Khatab, Khaled; Khatatbeh, Haitham; Khatatbeh, Moawiah Mohammad; Khateri, Sorour; Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli; Khayat Kashani, Hamid Reza; Khonji, Mohammad Saeid; khorashadizadeh, Fatemeh; Khormali, Moein; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Kian, Saeid; Kim, Grace; Kim, Jihee; Kim, Min Seo; Kim, Yun Jin; Kimokoti, Ruth W; Kisa, Adnan; Kisa, Sezer; Kivimäki, Mika; Kochhar, Sonali; Kolahi, Ali-Asghar; Koly, Kamrun Nahar; Kompani, Farzad; Koroshetz, Walter J; Kosen, Soewarta; Kourosh Arami, Masoumeh; Koyanagi, Ai; Kravchenko, Michael A; Krishan, Kewal; Krishnamoorthy, Vijay; Kuate Defo, Barthelemy; Kuddus, Md Abdul; Kumar, Ashish; Kumar, G Anil; Kumar, Manasi; Kumar, Nithin; Kumsa, Netsanet Bogale; Kundu, Satyajit; Kurniasari, Maria Dyah; Kusuma, Dian; Kuttikkattu, Ambily; Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe; La Vecchia, Carlo; Ladan, Muhammad Awwal; Lahariya, Chandrakant; Laksono, Tri; Lal, Dharmesh Kumar; Lallukka, Tea; Lám, Judit; Lami, Faris Hasan; Landires, Iván; Langguth, Berthold; Lasrado, Savita; Latief, Kamaluddin; Latifinaibin, Kaveh; Lau, Kathryn Mei-Ming; Laurens, Matthew B; Lawal, Basira Kankia; Le, Long Khanh Dao; Le, Thao Thi Thu; Ledda, Caterina; Lee, Munjae; Lee, Sang-woong; Lee, Seung Won; Lee, Wei-Chen; Lee, Yo Han; Leonardi, Matilde; Lerango, Temesgen L; Li, Ming-Chieh; Li, Wei; Ligade, Virendra S; Lim, Stephen S; Linehan, Christine; Liu, Chaojie; Liu, Jue; Liu, Wei; Lo, Chun-Han; Lo, Warren David; Lobo, Stany W; Logroscino, Giancarlo; Lopes, Graciliana; Lopukhov, Platon D; Lorenzovici, László; Lorkowski, Stefan; Loureiro, Joana A; Lubinda, Jailos; Lucchetti, Giancarlo; Lutzky Saute, Ricardo; Ma, Zheng Feei; Mabrok, Mahmoud; Machoy, Monika; Madadizadeh, Farzan; Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed; Maghazachi, Azzam A; Maghbouli, Nastaran; Mahjoub, Soleiman; Mahmoudi, Morteza; Majeed, Azeem; Malagón-Rojas, Jeadran N.; Malakan Rad, Elaheh; Malhotra, Kashish; Malik, Ahmad Azam; Malik, Iram; Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Manilal, Aseer; Mansouri, Vahid; Mansournia, Mohammad Ali; Marasini, Bishnu P; Marateb, Hamid Reza; Maroufi, Seyed Farzad; Martinez-Raga, Jose; Martini, Santi; Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio; Martorell, Miquel; März, Winfried; Marzo, Roy Rillera; Massano, João; Mathangasinghe, Yasith; Mathews, Elezebeth; Maude, Richard James; Maugeri, Andrea; Maulik, Pallab K; Mayeli, Mahsa; Mazaheri, Maryam; 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Nikolouzakis, Taxiarchis Konstantinos; Niranjan, Vikram; Nnyanzi, Lawrence Achilles; Noman, Efaq Ali; Noroozi, Nafise; Norrving, Bo; Noubiap, Jean Jacques; Nri-Ezedi, Chisom Adaobi; Ntaios, George; Nuñez-Samudio, Virginia; Nurrika, Dieta; Oancea, Bogdan; Odetokun, Ismail A; O'Donnell, Martin James; Ogunsakin, Ropo Ebenezer; Oguta, James Odhiambo; Oh, In-Hwan; Okati-Aliabad, Hassan; Okeke, Sylvester Reuben; Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul; Okonji, Osaretin Christabel; Okwute, Patrick Godwin; Olagunju, Andrew T; Olaiya, Muideen Tunbosun; Olana, Matifan Dereje; Olatubi, Matthew Idowu; Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes; Olufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa; Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola; Omar Bali, Ahmed; Ong, Sokking; Onwujekwe, Obinna E; Ordak, Michal; Orji, Aislyn U; Ortega-Altamirano, Doris V; Osuagwu, Uchechukwu Levi; Otstavnov, Nikita; Otstavnov, Stanislav S; Ouyahia, Amel; Owolabi, Mayowa O; P A, Mahesh Padukudru; Pacheco-Barrios, Kevin; Padubidri, Jagadish Rao; Pal, Pramod Kumar; Palange, Padmavali Nanaji; 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Yamagishi, Kazumasa; Yang, Lin; Yano, Yuichiro; Yao, Yao; Yehualashet, Sisay Shewasinad; Yeshaneh, Alex; Yesiltepe, Metin; Yi, Siyan; Yiğit, Arzu; Yiğit, Vahit; Yon, Dong Keon; Yonemoto, Naohiro; You, Yuyi; Younis, Mustafa Z; Yu, Chuanhua; Yusuf, Hadiza; Zadey, Siddhesh; Zahedi, Mohammad; Zakham, Fathiah; Zaki, Nazar; Zali, Alireza; Zamagni, Giulia; Zand, Ramin; Zandieh, Ghazal G Z; Zangiabadian, Moein; Zarghami, Amin; Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich; Zeariya, Mohammed G M; Zegeye, Zelalem Banjaw; Zeukeng, Francis; Zhai, Chunxia; Zhang, Chen; Zhang, Haijun; Zhang, Yunquan; Zhang, Zhi-Jiang; Zhao, Hanqing; Zhao, Yang; Zheng, Peng; Zhou, Hengxing; Zhu, Bin; Zhumagaliuly, Abzal; Zielińska, Magdalena; Zikarg, Yossef Teshome; Zoladl, Mohammad; Murray, Christopher J L; Ong, Kanyin Liane; Feigin, Valery L; Vos, Theo; Dua, Tarun... more authors ... less authors ( Elsevier , 2024 , Article)Background Disorders affecting the nervous system are diverse and include neurodevelopmental disorders, late-life neurodegeneration, and newly emergent conditions, such as cognitive impairment following COVID-19. 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