Recycling of polymer-polymer composites

Abstract

Polymers are inexpensive, lightweight, and durable materials derived from the petroleum industry that are easily molded into a variety of commodities that are used in a wide range of applications. Consequently, polymer manufacturing has increased remarkably over the past few decades. However, extensive use of polymers has led to environmental problems resulting from the problem of their disposal. Recycling is one of the most extensively used technologies to avoid environmental problems triggered by the accumulation of polymeric waste due to the use of these materials. The use of polymers and polymer composites is increasing day-by-day, mostly in the packaging and construction industries. Thus, recycling technology is another way to preserve natural resources as the source of most polymeric materials are the products of the oil and gas industries. However, recycling of polymer composite-based materials remains a challenge, despite the considerable developments that have been made in this area. Polymer composites are made of two or more materials with distinct phases such as a matrix and fillers. These phases are precisely combined within the composites, and therefore, it is not worthwhile to separate them. However, many researchers have attempted to develop technically feasible, economically viable, and environmentally acceptable recycling processes for polymer composites. This chapter illustrates a few case studies involving the recycling of polymer nano- and micro-composites along with the recycling methods, and the advantages and disadvantages associated with each method.