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AuthorSalma, Younes
AuthorNicolai, Eleonora
AuthorYounes, Nadin
AuthorPieri, Massimo
AuthorBernardini, Sergio
AuthorNizamuddin, Parveen B.
AuthorAl-Sadeq, Duaa W.
AuthorDaas, Hanin I.
AuthorIsmail, Ahmed
AuthorYassine, Hadi M.
AuthorAbu-Raddad, Laith J.
AuthorNasrallah, Gheyath K.
Available date2024-09-10T04:22:26Z
Publication Date2024-06-05
Publication NameVaccine
Identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.06.010
ISSN0264410X
URIhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X24006698
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10576/58683
AbstractBackgroundPriming with two doses of AZD1222 (Oxford-AstraZeneca; ChAd) followed by a third mRNA vaccine boosting is considered in several countries, yet comparisons between heterologous and homologous booster efficacy remain unexplored. AimTo evaluate and contrast the immunogenicity of homologous and heterologous boosting regimens. MethodThe study examined antibody responses in 1113 subjects, comprising 895 vaccine-naïve individuals across different vaccination strategies (partial, primary series, heterologous booster, homologous booster) and 218 unvaccinated, naturally infected individuals. Assessments included neutralizing total antibodies (NTAbs), total antibodies (TAbs), anti-S-RBD IgG, and anti-S1 IgA levels. ResultsThe study found mRNA vaccines to exhibit superior immunogenicity in primary series vaccination compared to ChAd, with mRNA-1273 significantly enhancing NTAbs, TAbs, anti-S-RBD IgG, and anti-S1 IgA levels (p < 0.001). Both booster types improved antibody levels beyond primary outcomes, with no significant difference in TAbs and anti-S-RBD IgG levels between regimens. However, homologous mRNA boosters significantly outperformed heterologous boosters in enhancing NTAbs and anti-S1 IgA levels, with the BNT/BNT/BNT regimen yielding particularly higher enhancements (p < 0.05). ConclusionThe study concludes that although TAbs and anti-S-RBD IgG antibody levels are similar for both regimens, homologous mRNA boosting outperform heterologous regimen by enhancing anti-S1 IgA and neutralizing antibody levels.
SponsorGKN would like to acknowledge the funding from WHO grant number COVID-19-22-43 and Qatar University grant No. QUCG-BRC-23/24-170. This work was also made possible by grants number UREP29-026-3-004 and UREP28-173-3-057 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors.
Languageen
PublisherElsevier
SubjectAZD1222 (Oxford-AstraZeneca, ChAd)
Homologous
Heterologous
mRNA vaccination
Neutralizing antibody
Anti-S1 IgA
TitleComparable antibody levels in heterologous and homologous mRNA COVID-19 vaccination, with superior neutralizing and IgA antibody responses in mRNA homologous boosting
TypeArticle
Open Access user License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.accessType Open Access


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