Effectiveness of 2D magnesium phosphate hydrogel for surgical decontamination of dental implants: A case series

Abstract

Dental implants, recognized for their enhanced functionality and aesthetic outcomes, are susceptible to peri-implant mucositis and subsequent peri-implantitis when oral hygiene is inadequate. Effective biofilm management is critical to prevent and manage these prevalent conditions and promote implant longevity. Materials with a two-dimensional (2D) structure have demonstrated robust antimicrobial properties. Among these, 2D magnesium phosphates have garnered significant attention due to their additional biocompatibility and osteoconductive properties. This case series explores the application of a thixotropic inorganic hydrogel, composed of 2D magnesium phosphate, in the surgical treatment of dental implant infections. The hydrogel was used for surgical dental implant decontamination in patients diagnosed with peri-implantitis characterized by inflammation in the peri-implant mucosa and subsequent progressive loss of supporting bone. The study encompassed eight cases with a history of peri-implantitis. Clinical measurements were recorded before and after treatment, including bleeding on probing, suppuration, and probing depth. Radiographic evaluations were conducted to assess the exposure of implant threads. The findings revealed a statistically significant decrease in probing depth, bleeding on probing, and the number of exposed implant threads following treatment with the magnesium phosphate hydrogel, though the exact role of the hydrogel in these improvements warrants further exploration.