Effect of deep breathing and bladder retraining on older women with diabetic-induced stress incontinence

Abstract

Background. An increasing number of older women, especially those with diabetes, are experiencing stress incontinence. This ailment can significantly affect the quality of life, frequently made worse by weaker pelvic floor muscles and more significant abdominal strain. The combined impact of deep breathing exercises and bladder retraining is a well-researched technique. Purpose. This research aims to determine how deep breathing techniques and bladder retraining affect stress incontinence in older female diabetics. Methods. Eighty older women with diabetic-induced stress incontinence were randomized into a group for intervention (receiving deep breathing exercises along with bladder retraining) and a control group (receiving standard diabetic care). The research employed a randomized controlled trial design. The frequency of incontinence episodes, stress levels examined using conventional scales, and blood sugar levels before and after the intervention, determined by glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), were among the outcome measures. Results. The frequency of incontinence events in the intervention group was statistically significantly lower compared to the control group. Furthermore, the intervention group displayed a statistically significant decrease in stress levels compared to the control group, which showed no discernible benefits. Measurements of hemoglobin A1c, which tracks blood sugar regulation, demonstrated a noteworthy amelioration in the intervention cohort relative to the control cohort. Conclusion. Together, deep breathing exercises and bladder retraining significantly reduce stress-related incontinence, enhance blood sugar management, and reduce the perceived stress levels of older women with diabetes. This integrated, non-invasive approach effectively treats psychological and physiological elements of stress incontinence. Healthcare providers should apply this strategy to improve the treatment of older diabetic women.