Enhanced lithium separation from brines using nanofiltration (NF) technology: A review

Abstract

This study investigates the dynamics of the lithium (Li) market, focusing particularly on the use of nanofiltration (NF) membranes for Li extraction from various brines. It covers a range of aqueous resources, including brines from seawater desalination, oil- and gas-produced waters, salt lakes, and geothermal aquifers, emphasizing the value of repurposing leftover brines. The research compares current and emerging brine-based Li recovery methods, underlining their advantages over traditional sources. A critical aspect of the study is a comprehensive review of recent advancements in Li-selective NF membranes, exploring materials design principles and the development of membranes with enhanced Li+ selectivity. The integration of NF systems in Li recovery, as supported by various studies, appears promising. This review also discusses the practical challenges and potential advancements in designing targeted Li+ ion-selective membranes, aiming to spur continued research in this crucial area. Ultimately, the study provides an extensive analysis of Li extraction from various brine sources using NF technology, positioning it as an effective strategy in the field.