Perspectives and Influences of Intergenerational Caregivers on Cariogenic Feeding Practices in Childhood: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

Background: Grandparental influences on child feeding practices that impact oral health remain under-investigated. Aim: Explore perspectives and influences of intergenerational caregivers on cariogenic feeding practices in children. Design: This qualitative study is based on phenomenological approach. Data collection involved in-depth interviews with parent(s) and grandparent(s) from the same family. Results: Thematic saturation was achieved after 26 interviews (13 families) with 13 mothers, 13 grandmothers and one grandfather. Three themes were generated: (1) Intergenerational differences in milk feeding practices—Grandparents had strong preference for formula milk. They advocated formula milk feeding beyond infancy and sometimes encouraged cariogenic comfort feeding habits; (2) Transgenerational influences on snacking practices—Parents' and grandparents' own cariogenic snacking habits encouraged the child's cariogenic snack intake. Grandparents occasionally used sugary treats to reinforce their special identity as grandparents; and (3) Impact of new information sources versus grandparental input—Information sources influencing child feeding practices differed between generations; parents relied on social media (rather than grandparental advice) while grandparents drew from past experiences. However, grandmothers who were actively involved in food preparation had considerable influence on child feeding practices. Conclusion: Practitioners and policymakers should actively engage grandparents to provide them with appropriate information on avoiding cariogenic feeding practices.