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AuthorGupta, Ankan
AuthorThirugnanam, Karthikeyan
AuthorThamilarasan, Madhan
AuthorMohieldin, Ashraf M.
AuthorZedan, Hadeel T.
AuthorPrabhudesai, Shubhangi
AuthorGriffin, Meghan R.
AuthorSpearman, Andrew D.
AuthorPan, Amy
AuthorPalecek, Sean P.
AuthorYalcin, Huseyin C.
AuthorNauli, Surya M.
AuthorRarick, Kevin R.
AuthorZennadi, Rahima
AuthorRamchandran, Ramani
Available date2022-04-11T11:07:41Z
Publication Date2022-03-22
Publication NameJCI Insight
Identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.151813
CitationGupta, A., Thirugnanam, K., Thamilarasan, M., Mohieldin, A. M., Zedan, H. T., Prabhudesai, S., ... & Ramchandran, R. (2022). Cilia proteins are biomarkers of altered flow in the vasculature. JCI insight, 7(6).
URIhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85127051401&origin=inward
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10576/29538
AbstractCilia, microtubule-based organelles that project from the apical luminal surface of endothelial cells (ECs), are widely regarded as low-flow sensors. Previous reports suggest that upon high shear stress, cilia on the EC surface are lost, and more recent evidence suggests that deciliation- the physical removal of cilia from the cell surface-is a predominant mechanism for cilia loss in mammalian cells. Thus, we hypothesized that EC deciliation facilitated by changes in shear stress would manifest in increased abundance of cilia-related proteins in circulation. To test this hypothesis, we performed shear stress experiments that mimicked flow conditions from low to high shear stress in human primary cells and a zebrafish model system. In the primary cells, we showed that upon shear stress induction, indeed, ciliary fragments were observed in the effluent in vitro, and effluents contained ciliary proteins normally expressed in both endothelial and epithelial cells. In zebrafish, upon shear stress induction, fewer cilia-expressing ECs were observed. To test the translational relevance of these findings, we investigated our hypothesis using patient blood samples from sickle cell disease and found that plasma levels of ciliary proteins were elevated compared with healthy controls. Further, sickled red blood cells demonstrated high levels of ciliary protein (ARL13b) on their surface after adhesion to brain ECs. Brain ECs postinteraction with sickle RBCs showed high reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Attenuating ROS levels in brain ECs decreased cilia protein levels on RBCs and rescued ciliary protein levels in brain ECs. Collectively, these data suggest that cilia and ciliary proteins in circulation are detectable under various altered-flow conditions, which could serve as a surrogate biomarker of the damaged endothelium.
SponsorThis work was funded by Qatar National Research Fund, National Priority Research Program (NPRP 10-0123-170222 to HCY). ADS is supported by funds from the Department of Pediatrics, Herma Heart Institute, the National Center for Research Resources, and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH (UL1TR001436).
Languageen
PublisherAmerican Society for Clinical Investigation
SubjectEndothelial cells
Molecular diagnosis
Vascular Biology
TitleCilia proteins are biomarkers of altered flow in the vasculature
TypeArticle
Issue Number6
Volume Number7
ESSN2379-3708
dc.accessType Open Access


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