Summary: The region of space at the periphery of cyanobacterial cells is the interface between the environment and intracellular processes. This metaspace may include a structure appressed to the outer wall and membrane, ...

Summary: Global warming, the global carbon cycle, and current and future global trading in carbon credits (the carbon market), are beginning to dictate radical changes in human behaviour. In this context, the cyanobacteria ...

Freshwater scarcity is a global issue that is further exacerbated by both economic and population growth. Membrane desalination possesses the potential to address water stress issues, but membrane fouling has affected its ...

Membrane fouling is caused by microorganisms and organic, inorganic, and colloidal substances that are present in the feedwater. It affects the performance of membranes in water treatment systems in terms of increase in ...

Extensive studies have been conducted on different kinds of polymers, their composites, and multifunctionalities, depending on their structural features. Metal oxides and their polymer nanocomposites offer technological ...

The snow leopard is the smallest member of the genus Panthera and is the sister species to the tiger (Panthera tigris). It has a poor fossil record, although a recent discovery in Tibet suggests this lineage could be at ...

Stroke and other neurovascular derangements are main causes of global death. They, along with spinal cord injuries, are responsible for being the principal cause of disability due to neurological and cognitive problems. ...

Nanotechnology is defined as the manipulation of matter at the atomic and molecular level, with nanomedicine being a subdivision of nanotechnology, where nanoparticles are used in medicine often as a drug delivery vehicle ...

Halophytes are plants adapted to high salinity, and they are common in many places around the world where environmental conditions are inconvenient for the growth of conventional plants. Normally, plants exposed to harsh ...

The snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is a flagship species of Pakistan's high mountain ranges. About 100 snow leopards are thriving in the Hindu Kush, Karakoram, Himalaya, and Pamir mountains, covering 80,000km2 of the country, ...