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AuthorAhmed, Ali
AuthorSaqlain, Muhammad
AuthorBashir, Naila
AuthorDujaili, Juman
AuthorHashmi, Furqan
AuthorMazhar, Faizan
AuthorKhan, Amjad
AuthorJabeen, Musarat
AuthorBlebil, Ali
AuthorAwaisu, Ahmed
Available date2022-12-15T07:16:22Z
Publication Date2021
Publication NameQuality of Life Research
ResourceScopus
URIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11136-021-02771-y
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10576/37307
AbstractBackground: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is considered to be the fourth 90 of UNAIDS 90-90-90 target to monitor the effects of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART has significantly increased the life expectancy of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). However, the impact of chronic infection on HRQoL remains unclear, while factors influencing the HRQoL may vary from one country to another. The current study aimed to assess HRQoL and its associated factors among PLWHA receiving ART in Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among PLWHA attending an ART centre of a tertiary care hospital in Islamabad, Pakistan. HRQoL was assessed using a validated Urdu version of EuroQol 5 dimensions 3 level (EQ-5D-3L) and its Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS). Results: Of the 602 patients included in the analyses, 59.5% (n=358) reported no impairment in self-care, while 63.1% (n=380) were extremely anxious/depressed. The overall mean EQ-5D utility score and visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) score were 0.388 (SD: 0.41) and 66.20 (SD: 17.22), respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that the factors significantly associated with HRQoL were: female gender; age > 50 years; having primary and secondary education; > 1 year since HIV diagnosis; HIV serostatus AIDS-converted; higher CD 4 T lymphocytes count; detectable viral load; and increased time to ART. Conclusions: The current findings have shown that PLWHA in Pakistan adherent to ART had a good overall HRQoL, though with significantly higher depression. Some of the factors identified are amenable to institution-based interventions while mitigating depression to enhance the HRQoL of PLWHA in Pakistan. The HRQoL determined in this study could be useful for future economic evaluation studies for ART and in designing future interventions. 2021, The Author(s).
SponsorWe acknowledge the National AIDS Control Program of Pakistan; the HIV case manager (Hassan Mansoor Malik) of PIMS Hospital for smooth conduct of study. We also acknowledge the PLWHA for voluntary participation in the study.
Languageen
PublisherSpringer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
SubjectAntiretroviral therapy
EQ-5D-3L
Health-related quality of life
HIV/AIDS
Pakistan
Predictors
TitleHealth-related quality of life and its predictors among adults living with HIV/AIDS and receiving antiretroviral therapy in Pakistan
TypeArticle
Pagination1653-1664
Issue Number6
Volume Number30
dc.accessType Open Access


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