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    Implications of external price referencing of pharmaceuticals in Middle East countries

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    Date
    2015
    Author
    Kaló ,Zoltán
    Alabbadi ,Ibrahim
    Al Ahdab ,Ola Ghaleb
    Alowayesh ,Maryam
    Elmahdawy ,Mahmoud
    Al-Saggabi ,Abdulaziz H
    Tanzi ,Vito Luigi
    Al-Badriyeh ,Daoud
    Alsultan ,Hamad S
    Ali ,Faleh Mohamed Hussain
    Elsisi ,Gihan H
    Akhras ,Kasem S
    Vokó ,Zoltán
    Kanavos ,Panos
    ...show more authors ...show less authors
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    Abstract
    Introduction: External price referencing (EPR) is applied frequently to control pharmaceutical prices. Our objective was to analyse how EPR is used in Middle Eastern (ME) countries and to compare the price corridor for original pharmaceuticals to non-pharmaceutical services not subjected to EPR. Methods: We conducted a survey on EPR regulations and collected prices of 16 patented pharmaceuticals and 14 non-pharmaceutical services in seven Middle Eastern (ME) countries. Maximum and minimum prices of each pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical technology were compared to mean prices in the countries studied by using market exchange rates. Influencing factors of pharmaceutical prices were assessed by multivariate linear regression analysis. Results: The average price corridor is narrower for pharmaceuticals (-39.8%; +35.9%) than for outpatient and hospital services (-81.7%; +96.3%). Conclusion: Our analysis revealed the importance of population size and EPR implementation on drug price levels; however, EPR results in higher pharmaceutical prices in lower-income countries compared to non-pharmaceutical services.
    DOI/handle
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14737167.2015.1048227
    http://hdl.handle.net/10576/54473
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    • Pharmacy Research [‎1418‎ items ]

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