Biodiversity and possible utilization of halophytes in Qatar

Abstract

Climate change, nature destruction, food security, and accessibility to fresh water are all the most concerning world issues facing humanities. There are many solutions to minimize the adverse effects of such environmental problems. One of these solutions is to evaluate and study the native plants of each region that are adapted to withstand various environmental stresses such as heat, drought, and salinity. Qatar is located in the Arabian Gulf area that is characterized of having high temperature and low precipitation. Qatar has a vision to sustain its own development and protect the natural environment. The Government of Qatar is trying to resolve the environmental problems by implementing modern technology and encouraging the researchers in environmental sector to overcome environmental stresses. Investigation of the wild plant in Qatar is essential due to the ability of these plants to cope with harsh conditions. The flora of Qatar contains about 400 species. Out of 400 species inhabited in the state of Qatar, there are about 49 species that are considered halophytes. Halophytes of Qatar are belonging to different genera like Avicennia, Atriplex, Arthrocnemum, Anabasis, Halocnemum, Salsola, Suaeda, Limonium, Seidlitzia, and Halopeplis, and they occur near the coastline or inland areas.