Show simple item record

AuthorLayan, Sukik
AuthorChemaitelly, Hiam
AuthorAyoub, Houssein H.
AuthorCoyle, Peter
AuthorTang, Patrick
AuthorYassine, Hadi M.
AuthorAl Thani, Asmaa A.
AuthorHasan, Mohammad R.
AuthorAl-Kanaani, Zaina
AuthorAl-Kuwari, Einas
AuthorJeremijenko, Andrew
AuthorKaleeckal, Anvar Hassan
AuthorLatif, Ali Nizar
AuthorShaik, Riyazuddin Mohammad
AuthorAbdul-Rahim, Hanan F.
AuthorNasrallah, Gheyath K.
AuthorAl-Kuwari, Mohamed Ghaith
AuthorButt, Adeel A.
AuthorAl-Romaihi, Hamad Eid
AuthorAl-Thani, Mohamed H.
AuthorAl-Khal, Abdullatif
AuthorBertollini, Roberto
AuthorAbdel-Rahman, Manar E.
AuthorAbu-Raddad, Laith J.
Available date2024-05-26T05:14:24Z
Publication Date2024-05-22
Publication NameVaccine
Identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.026
ISSN0264410X
URIhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X24004407
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10576/55352
AbstractBackgroundVaccines were developed and deployed to combat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This study aimed to characterize patterns in the protection provided by the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 mRNA vaccines against a spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 infection symptoms and severities. MethodsA national, matched, test-negative, case-control study was conducted in Qatar between January 1 and December 18, 2021, utilizing a sample of 238,896 PCR-positive tests and 6,533,739 PCR-negative tests. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated against asymptomatic, symptomatic, severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), critical COVID-19, and fatal COVID-19 infections. Data sources included Qatar's national databases for COVID-19 laboratory testing, vaccination, hospitalization, and death. ResultsEffectiveness of two-dose BNT162b2 vaccination was 75.6% (95% CI: 73.6–77.5) against asymptomatic infection and 76.5% (95% CI: 75.1–77.9) against symptomatic infection. Effectiveness against each of severe, critical, and fatal COVID-19 infections surpassed 90%. Immediately after the second dose, all categories—namely, asymptomatic, symptomatic, severe, critical, and fatal COVID-19—exhibited similarly high effectiveness. However, from 181 to 270 days post-second dose, effectiveness against asymptomatic and symptomatic infections declined to below 40%, while effectiveness against each of severe, critical, and fatal COVID-19 infections remained consistently high. However, estimates against fatal COVID-19 often had wide 95% confidence intervals. Analogous patterns were observed in three-dose BNT162b2 vaccination and two- and three-dose mRNA-1273 vaccination. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the results. ConclusionA gradient in vaccine effectiveness exists and is linked to the symptoms and severity of infection, providing higher protection against more symptomatic and severe cases. This gradient intensifies over time as vaccine immunity wanes after the last vaccine dose. These patterns appear consistent irrespective of the vaccine type or whether the vaccination involves the primary series or a booster.
SponsorWe acknowledge the many dedicated individuals at Hamad Medical Corporation, the Ministry of Public Health, the Primary Health Care Corporation, Qatar Biobank, Sidra Medicine, and Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar for diligent efforts and contributions to make this study possible. For LS, this study was made possible by an award (GSRA9-L-2-0601-22074) from the Qatar National Research Fund, a member of Qatar Foundation. We also appreciate the support of the Biomedical Research Training Program for Nationals at Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar. We are further grateful for institutional salary support from the Biomedical Research Program and the Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Biomathematics Research Core, both at Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, as well as for institutional salary support provided by the Ministry of Public Health, Hamad Medical Corporation, and Sidra Medicine. The contents herein are solely the responsibility of the authors.
Languageen
PublisherElsevier
SubjectmRNA
COVID-19
Severity
Waning
Case-control
Test-negative
TitleEffectiveness of two and three doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines against infection, symptoms, and severity in the pre-omicron era: A time-dependent gradient
TypeArticle
Pagination3307-3320
Issue Number14
Volume Number42
Open Access user License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
ESSN1873-2518
dc.accessType Full Text


Files in this item

Thumbnail

This item appears in the following Collection(s)

Show simple item record