Factors Associated with Physical Activity Among People with Multiple Sclerosis in Jordan: Which Clinical Characteristics are Important?

Abstract

BackgroundPhysical activity (PA) enhances mental and physical functioning of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Yet, PwMS often do not engage in sufficient PA in the Middle East region.ObjectiveTo explore PA-associated factors according to The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework among PwMS in Jordan.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 97 PwMS. PA levels were measured using The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Potential associated factors with PA were determined using the ICF framework. Multiple linear regression was used to identify the factors that explain IPAQ's total score.ResultsThe Mean age of the participants was 36.09 years (SD = 10.9), 71.7% females. IPAQ was negatively associated with disease severity, history of falling, fatigue, family social support, and participation in social activities (P < 0.05). Anxiety levels and participation in instrumental activities of daily living were positively associated with IPAQ (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe study suggests that factors contributing to PA levels in PwMS in the Middle East are multifactorial. A comprehensive rehabilitation plan that addresses those factors is essential to enhance PA levels in this population. Further research is needed to understand the clinical, personal, and cultural factors associated with PA among PwMS in the Middle East.