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    3D printing flexible Ga-doped ZnO films for wearable energy harvesting: thermoelectric and piezoelectric nanogenerators

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    s10854-024-13372-z.pdf (3.389Mb)
    Date
    2024
    Author
    Lemine, Aicha S.
    Bhadra, Jolly
    Sadasivuni, Kishor Kumar
    Popelka, Anton
    Yempally, Swathi
    Ahmad, Zubair
    Al-Thani, Noora J.
    Hasan, Anwarul
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    Abstract
    The 3D printing of energy harvesters using earth-abundant and non-toxic elements promotes energy sustainability and market competitiveness. The semiconducting behavior and non-centrosymmetric wurtzite crystal structure of gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO) films make them attractive for thermoelectric and piezoelectric nanogenerators. This study investigates the thermal, structural, mechanical, thermoelectric, and piezoelectric properties of 3D-printed GZO nanocomposite films. Thermal analysis demonstrates the stability of the nanocomposite film up to 230 °C, making it suitable for wearable energy harvesters. The crystalline structure of the nanocomposite film aligns with the hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO and displays a bulk-like microstructure with a uniform distribution of elements. The presence of Ga 2p, Zn 2p, O 1 s, and C 1 s core levels confirms the development of the nanocomposite film, characterized by a fine granular structure and a conductive domain compared to the neat resin film. The inclusion of GZO nanofillers tailors the stress–strain behavior of the nanocomposite film, enhancing flexibility. The 3D-printed GZO nanocomposite films demonstrate a promising thermoelectric power factor and piezoelectric power densities, along with mechanical flexibility and thermal stability. These advancements hold significant potential for wearable and hybrid energy generation technologies.
    DOI/handle
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-13372-z
    http://hdl.handle.net/10576/63042
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    • Center for Advanced Materials Research [‎1485‎ items ]
    • Mechanical & Industrial Engineering [‎1461‎ items ]
    • Research of Qatar University Young Scientists Center [‎213‎ items ]

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