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Produced water characteristics, treatment and reuse: A review
(
Elsevier Ltd
, 2019 , Article Review)
In oil and gas industry, produced water is considered as the largest waste stream, which contains relatively higher concentration of hydrocarbons, heavy metals and other pollutants. Due to the increase in industrial ...
Energy efficiency of direct contact membrane distillation
(
Elsevier B.V.
, 2018 , Article Review)
Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising technology due to its ability to function using low temperature differences and low-quality heat sources, thus allowing it to operate on solar or waste heat. The flux and energy ...
Ionic liquids application for wastewater treatment and biofuel production: A mini review
(
Elsevier B.V.
, 2021 , Article Review)
Commonly described as ionic compounds that are fluid below 100 C, Ionic Liquids (ILs) have found its application in several fields of science and engineering. Formerly limited in its use for electrochemical purposes, ILs ...