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AuthorAlZainati, Nahawand
AuthorSaleem, Haleema
AuthorAltaee, Ali
AuthorZaidi, Syed Javaid
AuthorMohsen, Marwa
AuthorHawari, Alaa
AuthorMillar, Graeme J.
Available date2023-05-23T09:39:15Z
Publication Date2021
Publication NameJournal of Water Process Engineering
ResourceScopus
URIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.101950
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10576/43369
AbstractAn excessive amount of renewable energy could be possibly produced when solutions of dissimilar salinities are combined simultaneously in a semipermeable membrane. The aforestated energy harnessing for transformation into power could be achieved through the pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) process. The PRO system utilizes a semipermeable membrane for separating a low concentration solution from a pressurized-high concentrated solution. This work examines the recent developments and applications of the PRO process and potential energy that could be conceivably harvested from salinity gradient resources in a single-stage and multi-stage PRO processes. One of the existing challenges for this process is finding a commercial membrane that combines characteristics of the forward osmosis membrane (for reducing the phenomenon of concentration polarization) and the reverse osmosis membrane (to withstand high hydraulic pressure). For addressing this challenge, details about the commercial PRO membranes and the innovative laboratory fabricated PRO membranes are introduced. The potential of the PRO process is presented by elucidating salinity gradient resources, the energy of Pretreatment, the process design, PRO-desalination systems, and dual-stage PRO (DSPRO). It is anticipated that this paper can assist in widely understanding the PRO process and thus deliver important data for activating additional research and development. 2021 Elsevier Ltd
SponsorThe authors gratefully acknowledge the support from Qatar University's International Research Collaboration Co-Fund (IRCC) research program through grant number IRCC-2019-004. Also, this research is supported by an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship.
Languageen
PublisherElsevier
SubjectDual-stage pressure retarded osmosis
Membrane
Pressure retarded osmosis
Renewable energy
Salinity gradient
TitlePressure retarded osmosis: Advancement, challenges and potential
TypeArticle Review
Volume Number40
dc.accessType Abstract Only


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