Show simple item record

AuthorSuelen H., Qassim
AuthorChemaitelly, Hiam
AuthorAyoub, Houssein H.
AuthorCoyle, Peter
AuthorTang, Patrick
AuthorYassine, Hadi M.
AuthorAl Thani, Asmaa A.
AuthorAl-Khatib, Hebah A.
AuthorHasan, Mohammad R.
AuthorAl-Kanaani, Zaina
AuthorAl-Kuwari, Einas
AuthorJeremijenko, Andrew
AuthorKaleeckal, Anvar Hassan
AuthorLatif, Ali Nizar
AuthorShaik, Riyazuddin Mohammad
AuthorAbdul-Rahim, Hanan F.
AuthorNasrallah, Gheyath K.
AuthorAl-Kuwari, Mohamed Ghaith
AuthorButt, Adeel A.
AuthorAl-Romaihi, Hamad Eid
AuthorAl-Thani, Mohamed H.
AuthorAl-Khal, Abdullatif
AuthorBertollini, Roberto
AuthorAbu-Raddad, Laith J.
Available date2023-09-26T06:05:58Z
Publication Date2023-08-31
Publication NameeClinicalMedicine
Identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102102
ISSN25895370
URIhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589537023002791
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10576/47963
AbstractBackgroundWaning of natural infection protection and vaccine protection highlight the need to evaluate changes in population immunity over time. Population immunity of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection or of COVID-19 vaccination are defined, respectively, as the overall protection against reinfection or against breakthrough infection at a given point in time in a given population. MethodsWe estimated these population immunities in Qatar's population between July 1, 2020 and November 30, 2022, to discern generic features of the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2. Effectiveness of previous infection, mRNA primary-series vaccination, and mRNA booster (third-dose) vaccination in preventing infection were estimated, month by month, using matched, test-negative, case–control studies. FindingsPrevious-infection effectiveness against reinfection was strong before emergence of Omicron, but declined with time after a wave and rebounded after a new wave. Effectiveness dropped after Omicron emergence from 88.3% (95% CI: 84.8–91.0%) in November 2021 to 51.0% (95% CI: 48.3–53.6%) in December 2021. Primary-series effectiveness against infection was 84.0% (95% CI: 83.0–85.0%) in April 2021, soon after introduction of vaccination, before waning gradually to 52.7% (95% CI: 46.5–58.2%) by November 2021. Effectiveness declined linearly by ∼1 percentage point every 5 days. After Omicron emergence, effectiveness dropped from 52.7% (95% CI: 46.5–58.2%) in November 2021 to negligible levels in December 2021. Booster effectiveness dropped after Omicron emergence from 83.0% (95% CI: 65.6–91.6%) in November 2021 to 32.9% (95% CI: 26.7–38.5%) in December 2021, and continued to decline thereafter. Effectiveness of previous infection and vaccination against severe, critical, or fatal COVID-19 were generally >80% throughout the study duration. InterpretationHigh population immunity against infection may not be sustained beyond a year, but population immunity against severe COVID-19 is durable with slow waning even after Omicron emergence. FundingThe Biomedical Research Program and the Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and the Biomathematics Research Core, both at Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Ministry of Public Health, Hamad Medical Corporation, Sidra Medicine, Qatar Genome Programme, Qatar University Biomedical Research Center, and Qatar University Internal Grant ID QUCG-CAS-23/24-114.
Languageen
PublisherElsevier
SubjectCOVID-19
Immunity
Natural infection
Vaccine
Test-negative
Epidemiology
TitlePopulation immunity of natural infection, primary-series vaccination, and booster vaccination in Qatar during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study
TypeArticle
Volume Number62
Open Access user License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.accessType Open Access


Files in this item

Thumbnail

This item appears in the following Collection(s)

Show simple item record