Show simple item record

AuthorBooz, George W.
AuthorAltara, Raffaele
AuthorEid, Ali H.
AuthorWehbe, Zena
AuthorFares, Souha
AuthorZaraket, Hassan
AuthorHabeichi, Nada J.
AuthorZouein, Fouad A.
Available date2020-11-01T08:20:17Z
Publication Date2020-11-15
Publication NameEuropean Journal of Pharmacology
Identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173547
CitationBooz, G. W., Altara, R., Eid, A. H., Wehbe, Z., Fares, S., Zaraket, H., . . . Zouein, F. A. (2020). Macrophage responses associated with COVID-19: A pharmacological perspective. European Journal of Pharmacology, 887 doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173547
ISSN00142999
URIhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85091565960&origin=inward
URIhttp://hdl.handle.net/10576/16839
AbstractCOVID-19 has caused worldwide death and economic destruction. The pandemic is the result of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has demonstrated high rates of infectivity leading to great morbidity and mortality in vulnerable populations. At present, scientists are exploring various approaches to curb this pandemic and alleviate its health consequences, while racing to develop a vaccine. A particularly insidious aspect of COVID-19 is the delayed overactivation of the body's immune system that is manifested as the cytokine storm. This unbridled production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines can directly or indirectly cause massive organ damage and failure. Systemic vascular endothelial inflammation and thrombocytopenia are potential consequences as well. In the case of COVID-19, the cytokine storm often fits the pattern of the macrophage activation syndrome with lymphocytopenia. The basis for the imbalance between the innate and adaptive immune systems is not clearly defined, but highlights the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on macrophages. Here we discuss the potential underlying basis for the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on macrophages, both direct and indirect, and potential therapeutic targets. These include granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interferons, and CXCL10 (IP-10). Various biopharmaceuticals are being repurposed to target the cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients. In addition, we discuss the rationale for activating the macrophage alpha 7 nicotinic receptors as a therapeutic target. A better understanding of the molecular consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection of macrophages could lead to novel and more effective treatments for COVID-19.
Languageen
PublisherElsevier
SubjectBiologicals
Cytokine storm
Immunomodulation therapy
Immunopharmacology
Macrophage activation syndrome
Pandemic
TitleMacrophage responses associated with COVID-19: A pharmacological perspective
TypeArticle
Volume Number887
dc.accessType Abstract Only


Files in this item

FilesSizeFormatView

There are no files associated with this item.

This item appears in the following Collection(s)

Show simple item record